Hydrogen Cyanide Accumulation and Transformations in Non-polluted Salt Marsh Sediments

Kamyshny, Alexander; Oduro, Harry; Mansaray, Z. F.; Farquhar, James

doi:10.1007/s10498-012-9180-5

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(62 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Derivatization was performed on-site immediately after sampling and samples were immediately frozen and shipped for analyses on dry ice. Speciation of ZVS was measured according to scheme proposed by [ 38 ]. Total zero-valent sulfur (ZVS tot ) was extracted with chloroform and analyzed by HPLC with a UV-visible detector [ 37 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multiple sulfur isotopes fractionations associated with abiotic sulfur transformations in Yellowstone National Park geothermal springs

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe paper presents a quantification of main (hydrogen sulfide and sulfate), as well as of intermediate sulfur species (zero-valent sulfur (ZVS), thiosulfate, sulfite, thiocyanate) in the Yellowstone National Park (YNP) hydrothermal springs and pools. We combined these measurements with the measurements of quadruple sulfur isotope composition of sulfate, hydrogen sulfide and zero-valent sulfur. The main goal of this research is to understand multiple sulfur isotope fractionation in the system, which is dominated by complex, mostly abiotic, sulfur cycling.ResultsWater samples from six springs and pools in the Yellowstone National Park were characterized by pH, chloride to sulfate ratios, sulfide and intermediate sulfur species concentrations. Concentrations of sulfate in pools indicate either oxidation of sulfide by mixing of deep parent water with shallow oxic water, or surface oxidation of sulfide with atmospheric oxygen. Thiosulfate concentrations are low (<6 μmol L-1) in the pools with low pH due to fast disproportionation of thiosulfate. In the pools with higher pH, the concentration of thiosulfate varies, depending on different geochemical pathways of thiosulfate formation. The δ34S values of sulfate in four systems were close to those calculated using a mixing line of the model based on dilution and boiling of a deep hot parent water body. In two pools δ34S values of sulfate varied significantly from the values calculated from this model. Sulfur isotope fractionation between ZVS and hydrogen sulfide was close to zero at pH < 4. At higher pH zero-valent sulfur is slightly heavier than hydrogen sulfide due to equilibration in the rhombic sulfur–polysulfide – hydrogen sulfide system. Triple sulfur isotope (32S, 33S, 34S) fractionation patterns in waters of hydrothermal pools are more consistent with redox processes involving intermediate sulfur species than with bacterial sulfate reduction. Small but resolved differences in ∆33S among species and between pools are observed.ConclusionsThe variation of sulfate isotopic composition, the origin of differences in isotopic composition of sulfide and zero–valent sulfur, as well as differences in ∆33S of sulfide and sulfate are likely due to a complex network of abiotic redox reactions, including disproportionation pathways.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reactions between abiotic hydrogen cyanide and reduced sulfur species were proposed as the source of thiocyanate in the brine. Such reactions are well studied under controlled conditions [ 29 , 34 - 37 ] as well as in salt marsh sediments [ 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple sulfur isotopes fractionations associated with abiotic sulfur transformations in Yellowstone National Park geothermal springs

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…6 – 8 ) [ 11 ]. Another sulfide oxidation intermediate that has been detected in the water columns of stratified lakes [ 44 ] and anoxic sediments [ 45 ] is thiocyanate (SCN − ). Thiocyanate is formed by chemical reactions between free or metallo-complexed cyanide with reduced sulfur species, characterized by a sulfur–sulfur bond.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual sulfur cycle in a warm monomictic lake with sub-millimolar sulfate concentrations

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:We studied the annual variability of the concentration and isotopic composition of main sulfur species and sulfide oxidation intermediates in the water column of monomictic fresh-water Lake Kinneret. Sulfate concentrations in the lake are <1 mM and similar to concentrations that are proposed to have existed in the Paleoproterozoic ocean. The main goal of this research was to explore biogeochemical constrains of sulfur cycling in the modern low-sulfate fresh-water lake and to identify which processes may be responsible for the isotopic composition of sulfur species in the Precambrian sedimentary rocks. Results:At the deepest point of the lake, the sulfate inventory decreases by more than 20% between March and December due to microbial sulfate reduction leading to the buildup of hydrogen sulfide. During the initial stages of stratification, sulfur isotope fractionation between sulfate and hydrogen sulfide is low (11.6 ‰) and sulfur oxyanions (e.g. thiosulfate and sulfite) are the main products of the incomplete oxidation of hydrogen sulfide. During the stratification and at the beginning of the lake mixing (July-December), the inventory of hydrogen sulfide as well as of sulfide oxidation intermediates in the water column increases and is accompanied by an increase in sulfur isotope fractionation to 30 ± 4 ‰ in October. During the period of erosion of the chemocline, zero-valent sulfur prevails over sulfur oxyanions. In the terminal period of the mixing of the water column (January), the concentration of hydrogen sulfide decreases, the inventory of sulfide oxidation intermediates increases, and sulfur isotope fractionation decreases to 20 ± 2 ‰. Conclusions:Sulfide oxidation intermediates are present in the water column of Lake Kinneret at all stages of stratification with significant increase during the mixing of the water column. Hydrogen sulfide inventory in the water column increases from March to December, and sharply decreases during the lake mixis in January. Sulfur isotope fractionation between sulfate and hydrogen sulfide as well as concentrations of sulfide oxidation intermediates can be explained either by microbial sulfate reduction alone or by microbial sulfate reduction combined with microbial disproportionation of sulfide oxidation intermediates. Our study of sulfur cycle in Lake Kinneret may be useful for understanding the range of biogeochemical processes in low sulfate oceans over Earth history.

show abstract

“…We collected sediment samples (0-10 cm, n=4) from a high and low salt marsh dominated by Spartina alterniflora in New Hampshire, USA (43° 2' 26" N, 70° 55' 36" W), and from a S. alterniflora and a S. patens salt marsh in Maine, USA (43° 6' 31" N, 70° 39' 56" W). We chose these types of salt marsh because they have been shown to accumulate cyanide (44), which potentially could be oxidized to cyanate. Sediment samples were stored at 4°C and extracted within a few days after collection using 2 M KCl at a sediment:extractant ratio of 1:10 (w:v) for 30 min at room temperature.…”

Section: Cyanate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanate – a low abundant but actively cycled nitrogen compound in soil

Mooshammer

Wanek

Jones

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cyanate (NCO-) can serve as a nitrogen and/or carbon source for different microorganisms and even additionally as an energy source for autotrophic ammonia oxidizers. Despite the widely distributed genetic potential for direct cyanate utilization among bacteria, archaea and fungi, the availability and environmental significance of cyanate is largely unknown, especially in terrestrial ecosystems. We found relatively low concentrations of soil cyanate, but its turnover was rapid. Contrary to our expectations, cyanate consumption was clearly dominated by biotic processes, and, notably, cyanate was produced in-situ at rates similar to that of cyanate formation from urea fertilizer, which is believed to be one of the major sources of cyanate in the environment. Our study provides evidence that cyanate is actively turned over in soils and represents a small but continuous nitrogen/energy source for soil microbes, potentially contributing to a selective advantage of microorganisms capable of direct cyanate utilization.

show abstract

Hydrogen Cyanide Accumulation and Transformations in Non-polluted Salt Marsh Sediments

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

Multiple sulfur isotopes fractionations associated with abiotic sulfur transformations in Yellowstone National Park geothermal springs

Multiple sulfur isotopes fractionations associated with abiotic sulfur transformations in Yellowstone National Park geothermal springs

Annual sulfur cycle in a warm monomictic lake with sub-millimolar sulfate concentrations

Cyanate – a low abundant but actively cycled nitrogen compound in soil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About