Hydrogen crossover in proton exchange membrane electrolysers: The effect of current density, pressure, temperature, and compression

Omrani, Reza; Shabani, Bahman

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138085

Cited by 61 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…PFSA membranes are known to exhibit high hydrogen crossover at high temperatures and in hydrated conditions, which reduces the efficiency of hydrogen production in PEMWEs. Hydrogen permeation can be reduced by thickening the membrane, but this increases its Ohmic resistance. , The hydrogen permeability of membranes with the same thickness was measured and discussed above (Figure ); in a hydrated state, the hydrogen permeability of Nafion-212 was very high, at 44%, while the figure was lower for N-PSDA, at 32%. Given that the overall performance of PEMWEs significantly depends on the performance of the applied membrane, this decrease in hydrogen crossover observed in N-PSDA was expected to improve the cell performance, especially in high-temperature conditions (80 °C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Nafion Composite Membranes Impregnated with Polydopamine and Poly(Sulfonated Dopamine) for High-Performance Proton Exchange Membranes

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We prepared Nafion composite membranes by impregnating Nafion-212 with polydopamine, poly(sulfonated dopamine), and poly(dopamine- co -sulfonated dopamine) using the swelling–filling method to generate nanopores in the Nafion framework that were filled with these polymers. Compared to the pristine Nafion-212 membrane, these composite membranes showed improved thermal and mechanical stabilities due to the strong interactions between the catecholamine of the polydopamine derivatives and the Nafion matrix. For the composite membrane filled with poly(sulfonated dopamine) (N-PSDA), further interactions were induced between the Nafion and the sulfonic acid side chain, resulting in enhanced water uptake and ion conductivity. In addition, filling the nanopores in the Nafion matrix with polymer fillers containing aromatic hydrocarbon-based dopamine units led to an increase in the degree of crystallinity and resulted in a significant decrease in the hydrogen permeability of the composite membranes compared to Nafion-212. Hydrogen crossovers 26.8% lower than Nafion-212 at 95% relative humidity (RH) (fuel cell operating conditions) and 27.3% lower at 100% RH (water electrolysis operating conditions) were obtained. When applied to proton exchange membrane-based fuel cells, N-PSDA exhibited a peak power density of 966 mW cm –2 , whereas N-PSDA showed a current density of 4785 mA cm –2 , which is 12.4% higher than Nafion-212 at 2.0 V and 80 °C.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Nafion Composite Membranes Impregnated with Polydopamine and Poly(Sulfonated Dopamine) for High-Performance Proton Exchange Membranes

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Two points should be clarified; one is that pretreated water is pumped to the relay water tank only when its level is low, thus replenishing the PEM electrolyser with the water consumed during the reaction; the second is that the fan is launched when the water is close to the temperature barrier. Due to the characteristics of the catalyst and membrane, the operating temperature of the PEM electrolyser is commonly lower than 90 °C, although there are differences of operating temperature in these studies [5,9,12].…”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to low gas crossover rate of the polymer electrolyte membrane, PEM electrolyser is able to work under a wide range of power density (5%~120%) [11]. The PEM electrolytic hydrogen production technology has advantages, such as higher current density (generally 2~3 A/cm 2 ), higher hydrogen purity (up to 99.999%), higher load flexibility (5%~120%), and balanced grid load [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significant efforts have been made to improve the performance of the PEM electrolyser by modeling works to discuss the hydrogen crossover through the membrane and difference, such as temperature, mass transfer coefficient, hydrogen concentration in oxygen, and liquid/gas diffusion layer (LGDL) compression and operating pressure [12]. Babar et al [13] developed an equivalent electrical model for the PEM electrolyser, an input current-voltage (I-V) characteristic for a single PEM electrolyser cell was modeled through a series of experiment, and it has been observed that the electrolysis energy efficiency was in the range of 65-68% at steady-state conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental and Analytical Study of a Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyser Integrated with Thermal Energy Storage for Performance Enhancement

Peng

Deng

Zhao

et al. 2022

International Journal of Photoenergy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality, hydrogen energy plays a pivotal role in the energy system dominated by wind power and solar power. The proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolytic hydrogen production technology has advantages of higher current density, higher hydrogen purity, higher load flexibility, and balanced grid load, becoming one of effective ways to consume renewable energy. Experimental analysis finds that the present PEM electrolyser cannot maintain a stable operating temperature as the input power changes; the polarization curve would distort with the change of temperature. This work proposes a PEM electrolyser coupled with the thermal energy storage device to meet power fluctuation and frequent start and stop caused by renewable resources. Through the involvement of the thermal storage device, electrolytic system is able to operate quickly and persistently in an efficient condition. The coupled system effectively reduces energy consumption in the process of start-stop or load changing, which can effectively adapt to the power fluctuation and frequent start and stop caused by renewable energy.

show abstract

“…The targeted high operating temperatures in PEMWE influence the water uptake and add stress on the membrane. At high temperatures, the hydrogen crossover rate also increases due to the enhanced hydrogen permeability of the PEM [ 15 , 16 ]. Especially in idle operation, hydrogen crossover is increased due to asymmetric H 2 O and gas pressure ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of PEM Water Electrolyzer Failure Due to Induced Hydrogen Crossover in Catalyst-Coated PFSA Membranes

Kuhnert

Heidinger

Sandu³

et al. 2023

Membranes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is a leading candidate for the development of a sustainable hydrogen infrastructure. The heart of a PEMWE cell is represented by the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which consists of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) with catalyst layers (CLs), flow fields, and bipolar plates (BPPs). The weakest component of the system is the PEM, as it is prone to chemical and mechanical degradation. Membrane chemical degradation is associated with the formation of hydrogen peroxide due to the crossover of product gases (H2 and O2). In this paper, membrane failure due to H2 crossover was addressed in a membrane-focused accelerated stress test (AST). Asymmetric H2O and gas supply were applied to a test cell in OCV mode at two temperatures (60 °C and 80 °C). Electrochemical characterization at the beginning and at the end of testing revealed a 1.6-fold higher increase in the high-frequency resistance (HFR) at 80 °C. The hydrogen crossover was measured with a micro-GC, and the fluoride emission rate (FER) was monitored during the ASTs. A direct correlation between the FER and H2 crossover was identified, and accelerated membrane degradation at higher temperatures was detected.

show abstract

Hydrogen crossover in proton exchange membrane electrolysers: The effect of current density, pressure, temperature, and compression

Cited by 61 publications

References 69 publications

Nafion Composite Membranes Impregnated with Polydopamine and Poly(Sulfonated Dopamine) for High-Performance Proton Exchange Membranes

Nafion Composite Membranes Impregnated with Polydopamine and Poly(Sulfonated Dopamine) for High-Performance Proton Exchange Membranes

Experimental and Analytical Study of a Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyser Integrated with Thermal Energy Storage for Performance Enhancement

Analysis of PEM Water Electrolyzer Failure Due to Induced Hydrogen Crossover in Catalyst-Coated PFSA Membranes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About