Hydrogen combustion test in a small gas turbine

Nomura, Masakatsu; Tamaki, Hisao; Morishita, Teruo; Ikeda, Hideto; Hatori, Kazuo

doi:10.1016/0360-3199(81)90065-3

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Nomura, et al conducted atmospheric testing of a liquid fired can combustor with hydrogen. 4 These tests utilized a 202kW gas turbine combustor. The kerosene fuel supply system was removed and a hydrogen flow metering system was installed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of NOx Formation in a Hydrogen-Fueled Gas Turbine Engine

Therkelsen

Werts

McDonell

et al. 2009

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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A commercially available natural gas fueled gas turbine engine was operated on hydrogen. Three sets of fuel injectors were developed to facilitate stable operation while generating differing levels of fuel∕air premixing. One set was designed to produce near uniform mixing while the others have differing degrees of nonuniformity. The emission performance of the engine over its full range of loads is characterized for each of the injector sets. In addition, the performance is also assessed for the set with near uniform mixing as operated on natural gas. The results show that improved mixing and lower equivalence ratio decrease NO emission levels as expected. However, even with nearly perfect premixing, it is found that the engine, when operated on hydrogen, produces a higher amount of NO than when operated with natural gas. Much of this attributed to the higher equivalence ratios that the engine operates on when firing hydrogen. However, even the lowest equivalence ratios run at low power conditions, higher NO was observed. Analysis of the potential NO formation effects of residence time, kinetic pathways of NO production via NNH, and the kinetics of the dilute combustion strategy used are evaluated. While no one mechanism appears to explain the reasons for the higher NO, it is concluded that each may be contributing to the higher NO emissions observed with hydrogen. In the present configuration with the commercial control system operating normally, it is evident that system level effects are also contributing to the observed NO emission differences between hydrogen and natural gas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of NOx Formation in a Hydrogen-Fueled Gas Turbine Engine

Therkelsen

Werts

McDonell

et al. 2009

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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“…Furthermore, this fuel has been of some interest in the later decades as a replacement fuel as well as for studies of fuel property effects. For example, Nomura et al [73] and Shum and Sampath [74] described a swirl injector and a multi-orifice type with angled jets for hydrogen fuel. General observations shown that the combustion efficiencies in all cases were nearly 100%.…”

Section: Gaseous Fuel Property Effects On Injector Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Analysis of the Combustion of Hydrogen Fuel on a CFM56-3 Combustor

Domingues

Brójo

Oliveira

2022

Volume 3: Advanced Materials: Design, Processing, Characterization and Applications; Advances in Aerospace Technology

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In the present work is made an overview of the use of hydrogen in aviation, the modifications needed to convert a conventional gas turbine to use hydrogen and a CFD simulation of an existent gas turbine burning hydrogen. The CFD simulation was done in a CFM56-3 combustor burning Jet A (as a reference standard) and hydrogen, with the intention of evaluate the viability of conversion of existent gas turbines to hydrogen, in a combustion point of view, by analyzing the emissions through ICAO’s LTO cycle while burning this fuel. ANSYS Fluent 2020R2 was the software used to perform the numerical study. The RSM was the viscous model used. Only the NOx emissions were assessed as pollutant once the hydrogen combustion products are reduced to water vapor and NOx. These emissions were evaluated through a detailed mechanism and the NOx model available on ANSYS to get a better concordance with the ICAO’s values. During this study, several sensibility studies were carried out for hydrogen burn, for instance, the analysis of the air flow with/without swirl in the primary zone and different inlet pressure and temperature for fuel.

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“…The combustor is the only component of a gas turbine that requires major redesign effort for operation on 100% hydrogen, due to the fuel characteristics [11,12]. However, the use of hydrogen as a fuel is nowadays limited to gas turbines equipped by diffusion flame combustors [13][14][15], where the pure hydrogen supply leads to NOx emissions about three times higher than in the case of natural gas firing [16]. Methods for reducing pollutant emissions are borrowed from those used in diffusive gas turbine combustion chambers supplied by natural gas.…”

Section: Iintroductionmentioning

confidence: 99%