Hydrogen cloud explosion evaluation under inert gas atmosphere

Li, Yanchao; Bi, Mingshu; Huang, Lei; Liu, Qixuan; Li, Bei; Ma, Daqing; Gao, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2018.08.015

Cited by 64 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The simulation results show that the flame propagation velocity of the flammable gas increases constantly, with the peak value reaching up to 41 m/s. Since the flame propagated in subsonic velocity, it can be judged that deflagration occurred in the process of explosion . Soloviova‐Sokolova et al calculated the laminar burning velocity of the benzene‐air mixture was 0.15 m/s at 298 K, 0.1 MPa and lower explosion limit, which clearly illustrated that the peak propagation velocity of the benzene vapor in a confined space would be several times higher.…”

Section: Quantitative Simulation Of the Explosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons learned from analyzing an explosion at Shanghai SECCO petrochemical plant

Dong

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2019

Process Safety Progress

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On May 12, 2018, six workers from Shanghai AIJINKE Engineering Construction Services Co. died on the spot of an explosion when they were maintaining a benzene tank at Shanghai SECCO Petrochemical Co. The incident was characterized as a disastrous incident caused by hot work in a confined space. This article aimed to analyze the incident in a chronological order by using the event sequence diagram. The FLACS software was used to simulate the variation of pressure and temperature over time when benzene vapor was ignited in the tank. Multilayer bow‐tie analysis was adopted to explore the causes of the explosion, along with the corresponding consequences, and preventive measures. The analyses show that the primary causes were the unsafe behaviors of on‐site workers, hazardous conditions of in‐tank substances, risky factors in the construction environment, and deficiencies in process safety management. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analyses, we emphasize three considerable reasons, which include inappropriate flammable gas detection before the operation, failing to test for flammable gases during the hot work, and deficiency of the Management of Change. Finally, the article concludes with a summary of lessons learned as well as suggestions for incident prevention and safety improvement.

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Section: Quantitative Simulation Of the Explosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons learned from analyzing an explosion at Shanghai SECCO petrochemical plant

Dong

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2019

Process Safety Progress

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“…Among these methods, forced ventilation via exhaust fan is actively studied because of its applicability in diffusing not only leaked hydrogen but also other toxic or flammable gas releases. − Besides exhaust fan, blower ventilation is another method to induce forced ventilation. Blower ventilation has shown promising results in reducing the hydrogen leakage explosion hazard. − Furthermore, the characteristics of leaked hydrogen under an inert gas atmosphere have been studied and have shown excellent results in suppressing hydrogen fire and explosion. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40−42 Furthermore, the characteristics of leaked hydrogen under an inert gas atmosphere have been studied and have shown excellent results in suppressing hydrogen fire and explosion. 43 However, there are barely any studies that propose a mitigation method that couples blower ventilation with inert gas suppression. It is because most researchers prefer to develop novel ideas, but such ideas may not necessarily be able to benefit the society as they could be more expensive than using existing methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Mitigation of Fire and Explosion Risks due to Hydrogen Leakage Using Targeted Nitrogen Nozzle Spray Approach

Tan

Ban

Chen

et al. 2022

ACS Chem. Health Saf.

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Hydrogen leakage may cause destructive incidents due to its high flammability and explosivity. Thus, better preventive methods must be used to mitigate the impacts. This paper proposed an approach using targeted nitrogen nozzle spray to induce both blower ventilation and inert gas atmosphere on leak sources to suppress hydrogen leakage because studies on blower ventilation and inert gas suppression to mitigate hydrogen leakage are usually conducted separately rather than coupled. Its feasibility was studied using computational fluid dynamics. Dispersion of leaked hydrogen, flammability zone, and room temperature were analyzed. Eight cases were conducted to compare three types of nozzle spray orientation, which are horizontal (90°) targeted nozzle spray, slanted (45°) targeted nozzle spray, and overhead sprinkler. The results showed that the slanted (45°) nozzle exhibited better performance. The distance between the nozzle and the leakage point and the nozzle orientations are the deciding factors of equal importance. Shorter distances such as that in targeted sprays can shorten the time for nitrogen to reach the leak source, and more concentrated nitrogen can be presented. However, proper orientation is required to provide better suppression and to prevent further damage. The proposed method can induce blower ventilation and inert atmosphere to suppress the leaked hydrogen effectively. It can be achieved by using existing industrial nozzle, and the hydrogen leakage from different locations can be treated by changing the nozzle orientations.

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“…In addition, research indicated that CO 2 had a better suppression effect than N 2 on the methane explosion, and the explosion was completely inhibited by 22% CO 2 or 32% N 2 [7][8][9]. Li [10] compared the suppression effect of He, Ar, N 2 and CO 2 on the hydrogen cloud explosion, and found that the suppression effect of CO 2 is better than He, Ar and N 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inhibition Effect of Gas–Solid Two-Phase Inhibitors on Methane Explosion

Wang

Meng

et al. 2019

Energies

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In order to study the inhibition effect of gas-solid two-phase inhibitors on a methane explosion, the influence of these parameters was investigated and compared with that of single-phase inhibitors. The results show that the inhibition effect of gas-solid two-phase inhibitors on a methane explosion is better than the added effect of two single-phase inhibitors, indicating that a synergistic effect can be obtained by gas-solid two-phase inhibitors. The two-phase inhibitors which are composed of NaHCO 3 (BC) powders and inert gas have a better suppressing property than those composed of NH 4 H 2 PO 4 (ABC) powders and inert gas. The two-phase inhibitors composed of CO 2 and powders have a better suppressing property than those composed of N 2 and powders. The 9.5% premixed methane-air mixture can be completely inhibited by 0.10 g/L BC powders mixed with 8% CO 2 . The suppression mechanisms of the gas-solid two-phase inhibitors on the methane explosion were discussed.Energies 2019, 12, 398 2 of 10 Chemical powders, such as carbonate, phosphate, halide etc., have widely been used as extinguishing agents on methane explosions and dust explosions, due to their physical and chemical inhibition effects. The inhibition effects of various chemical powders (such as SiO 2 , CaCO 3 , ABC, BC, zeolite, red mud, Al(OH) 3 , composite powders, etc.) on methane explosions have been studied [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. The experimental results presented that different powders showed different suppression performances on methane explosions.Recently, more attentions have been paid to gas-solid two-phase inhibitors [27][28][29]. Deng [30] studied the influence of a two-phase inhibitor Mg(OH) 2 /CO 2 on methane explosion, and observed that the actual superposition effect was inferior to the theoretical superposition effect. The research by Luo [31] showed that the ABC/CO 2 two-phase inhibitor had a cooperative synergism, which gave a good suppression performance on methane explosion. Jiang [32] researched the suppression effect of ultrafine ABC powders and N 2 mixture on methane explosions. The results showed that the maximum decreasing amplitudes of the overpressure and the flame speed were 76.8% and 100%, respectively. According to the research, it is clear that the suppression effect of gas-solid two-phase inhibitors was better than the single-phase gases or powders. However, there are few studies comparing the actual suppression effect of gas-solid two-phase inhibitors with the theoretical addition effect suppressed by single-phase gas and powders, respectively. It is not clear whether there is a cooperative effect between inert gas and powders.In this paper, the influence of ABC powders (NH 4 H 2 PO 4 ), BC powders (NaHCO 3 ), N 2 , CO 2 and gas-solid two-phase inhibitors on the 9.5% premixed methane-air explosion parameters, including the max-pressure, the time to max-pressure and the maximum rate of pressure rise, was experimentally researched using a 20 L spherical vessel. The actual suppre...

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Hydrogen cloud explosion evaluation under inert gas atmosphere

Cited by 64 publications

References 29 publications

Lessons learned from analyzing an explosion at Shanghai SECCO petrochemical plant

Lessons learned from analyzing an explosion at Shanghai SECCO petrochemical plant

Enhanced Mitigation of Fire and Explosion Risks due to Hydrogen Leakage Using Targeted Nitrogen Nozzle Spray Approach

The Inhibition Effect of Gas–Solid Two-Phase Inhibitors on Methane Explosion

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