Hydrogen chloride reaction with lime and limestone: kinetics and sorption capacity

Weinell, Claus Erik; Jensen, Peter I.; Dam‐Johansen, Kim; Livbjerg, Hans

doi:10.1021/ie00001a023

Cited by 162 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, the value of released HCl is lower than that expected if all of the chlorine in PVC is released as HCl. This may be explained by the absorption of chlorine by sodium and calcium in ash [29,30]. In addition, some chlorine in PVC will release as Cl 2 .…”

Section: Coal/char Combustion Experiments In Icfbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of HCl on CO and NO emissions in combustion

Wei¹,

Wang²,

Dian-fu³

et al. 2009

Fuel

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a b s t r a c tThe influence of HCl on CO and NO emissions was experimentally investigated in an entrained flow reactor (EFR) and an internally circulating fluidized bed (ICFB). The results in EFR show the addition of HCl inhibits CO oxidation and NO formation at 1073 K and 1123 K. At the lower temperature (1073 K) the inhibition of HCl becomes more obvious. In ICFB, chlorine-containing plastic (PVC) was added to increase the concentration of HCl during the combustion of coal or coke. Results show that HCl is likely to enhance the reduction of NO and N 2 O. HCl greatly increases CO and CH 4 emission in the flue gas. A detailed mechanism of CO/NO/HCl/SO 2 system was used to model the effect of HCl in combustion. The results indicate that HCl not only promotes the recombination of radicals O, H, and OH, but also accelerates the chemical equilibration of radicals. The influence of HCl on the radicals mainly occurs at 800-1200 K.

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Section: Coal/char Combustion Experiments In Icfbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of HCl on CO and NO emissions in combustion

Wei¹,

Wang²,

Dian-fu³

et al. 2009

Fuel

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“…The particles were joined together with a gaseous stream of N 2 with a controlled concentration of HCl and humidity level, immediately before the inlet of the cyclone. The effluent gas concentration is measured by bubbling a known fraction of this stream into distilled water by means of an appropriate external circulation airlift absorption vessel [19,21]. The HCl is completely absorbed in the water, and the pH of the resulting solution is monitored on-line with the aid of a computerized data acquisition system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry scrubbing of acid gases in recirculating cyclones

Chibante

Fonseca

Salcedo

2007

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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This paper describes a laboratory-scale study on the use of recirculating cyclones as reaction chambers for dry scrubbing of gaseous HCl with solid slaked lime particles. This gas cleaning system combines a numerically optimized reverse flow gas cyclone (RS VHE geometry) with a straight-through cyclone concentrator, which simultaneously increases the capture of the solid particles and promotes their partial recirculation. A laboratory-scale study was undertaken to test this technology and to compare its performance to a modified Stairmand HE reverse flow cyclone without recirculation. The experimental conditions were: reaction temperature ≈326 K, gas flow rate ≈2.9 × 10 −4 N m 3 s −1 and relative humidity of the gas ≈8.5%. The experimental variables tested were the solids load (1.0-9.2 × 10 −7 kg s −1 ) and HCl concentration (0.4-2.8 × 10 −2 mol m −3 ) in the inlet gas.The experimentally obtained particulate removal efficiencies with the recirculating cyclones (≈98%) were higher than those obtained with the Stairmand HE cyclone (≈93%), with the additional advantage of having significantly lower pressure drop. As for the acid removal efficiencies (≈10-96%), no significant differences were found between the two systems tested under the same experimental conditions.The possibility of using optimized recirculating cyclones for gas cleaning in a dry scrubbing process is very promising, since this is a low cost technology, highly efficient both for the removal of acid gases and for the capture of solid particles, which has the advantage of not requiring a post-reaction de-duster.

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“…그러나 상기 고체 입자들의 비용 은 비교적 고가이며, 따라서 저렴한 비용으로 생산 가능한 입 자 개발이 요구되고 있다 [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. 현재까지 가장 잘 알려진 HCl 제거 공정은 CaO, Ca(OH)2 등을 이용하는 방법이며, 이때의 운전온도는 500 ℃ 이하이다 [2][3][4].…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Effect of Pressure on HCl Absorption Behaviors of a K-based Absorbent in the Fixed Bed Reactor

Cheol¹,

Jo²,

Ryu³

et al. 2013

Clean Technology

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주제어 : 염화수소, 고정층반응기, K-계열 흡수제, 압력, 연소전포집 Abstract : In this study, the hydrogen chloride removal using K-based dry sorbents (K2CO3/Al2O3, KEPRI, Korea) was studied with varying the pressure in a fixed bed reactor (15 cm tall bed with 0.5 cm I.d.). Working temperature was 400℃ and feed gas concentration was 750 ppm (HCl vol%, N2 balance). The chloride sorption capacity of sorbent increases with increasing pressure (1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 bar). Also, after forming KCl crystal by reaction with K2CO3 and HCl, owing to the strong bonding energy, sorbent regeneration was practically impossible. Its optical, physical and chemical characterizations were evaluated by SEM, EDAX, BET, TGA and XRD. At 400 ℃ and 20 bar condition, working condition for the dehalogenation process after gasification, K-based dry sorbent showed high HCl sorption capacity and HCl/N2 separation performances comparing with Ca-based and Mg-based dry sorbents.

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Hydrogen chloride reaction with lime and limestone: kinetics and sorption capacity

Cited by 162 publications

References 3 publications

Influence of HCl on CO and NO emissions in combustion

Influence of HCl on CO and NO emissions in combustion

Dry scrubbing of acid gases in recirculating cyclones

Effect of Pressure on HCl Absorption Behaviors of a K-based Absorbent in the Fixed Bed Reactor

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