Hydrogen attack behavior of the heat affected zone of a 2.25Cr-1Mo steel weldment

Parthasarathy, Triplicane A.; Shewmon, P.G.

doi:10.1007/bf02647200

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For further investigation, the chemical composition of M 23 C 6 was calculated at equilibrium using ThermoCalc and measured experimentally using energy dispersive X-ray analysis in a transmission electron microscope. The results are listed in Table VI; the chromium concentration within M 23 C 6 is clearly much less than equilibrium for samples C and D. Parathasarathy and Shewmon investigated the correlation between hydrogen attack rates and carbon activity against the atom fraction of chromium in the matrix ferrite, [32] in which they concluded that a high chromium content in the matrix indicates a low iron content, hence a reduced carbon activity, which must lead to a greater hydrogen attack resistance, Figure 9. The calculations are based on the estimation of the carbon activity that is in equilibrium with M 23 C 6 using the reaction…”

Section: Effect Of Deviation From Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, if equilibrium conditions for M 23 C 6 are reached for low tempering temperatures (650 C), the carbon activity would be minimised, thereby decreasing the tendency to react with hydrogen and form methane. But unfortunately, the tempering times required would be impractical as literature has shown that not even 500 h at 700 C would ensure equilibrium conditions, [32] unless the temperature is increased as seen in sample E (750 C).…”

Section: Dg ¼Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, synchrotron X-ray indicated that Cr-1Mo steel for the temperature used by Parthasarathy and Shewmon. [32] Adapted from Ref. [32] by permission from Springer Nature.…”

Section: E Effect Of Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[32] Adapted from Ref. [32] by permission from Springer Nature. (b) Calculations for the temperature representative of the present experiments.…”

Section: E Effect Of Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig.9-Calculations using Equation2. (a) The relationship of carbon activity with the atom fraction chromium in the matrix for various atom fractions of iron in the carbide metal content in 21 4 Cr-1Mo steel for the temperature used by Parthasarathy and Shewmon [32]. Adapted from Ref [32].…”

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confidence: 99%

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High-Temperature Hydrogen Attack on 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel: The Roles of Residual Carbon, Initial Microstructure and Carbide Stability

Alshahrani

Ooi

Colliander

et al. 2022

Metall Mater Trans A

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High temperature hydrogen attack is a damage mechanism that occurs in critical steel components in petrochemical plants and refineries when the hydrogen penetrates the steel and reacts with the carbides within to produce pores containing methane. With the motivation of understanding the role of carbide stability on the reaction with hydrogen, samples of a classic 2$$\frac{1}{4}$$ 1 4 Cr-1Mo steel were subjected to a variety of heat treatments that generate a corresponding variety of precipitates, prior to exposure to high-pressure hydrogen in an autoclave. Using quantitative carbide, porosity and microstructural characterisation, it has been possible to demonstrate the roles of four variables: (a) the carbon residue present in the ferrite; (b) the non-equilibrium chemical composition of carbide; (c) the fraction of the carbide that is closest to the thermodynamic equilibrium state and (d) the initial microstructural state, i.e., whether it is martensitic or bainitic prior to heat treatment.

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Section: Effect Of Deviation From Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dg ¼Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, synchrotron X-ray indicated that Cr-1Mo steel for the temperature used by Parthasarathy and Shewmon. [32] Adapted from Ref. [32] by permission from Springer Nature.…”

Section: E Effect Of Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[32] Adapted from Ref. [32] by permission from Springer Nature. (b) Calculations for the temperature representative of the present experiments.…”

Section: E Effect Of Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

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