Hydrogen as the futuristic fuel for the aviation and aerospace industry – review

Abstract

Purpose The rise in demand and high utilization of fuel causes severe environmental threat for the nations on the globe. Rapid burning potential of hydrogen produces enormous amount of thrust, and it is mainly owing to wide flame range and less onset of ignition. Design/methodology/approach The significant contribution of hydrogen as fuel has been explored by several researchers around the globe recently to use in aviation sector owing to its eco-friendly nature. Hydrogen is a safe and clean fuel, and it can be generated from several sources. The effects of addition on hydrogen on gas turbine on combustion characteristics and emission concentration level on atmosphere have been reviewed in this paper. Findings Incorporation of hydrogen is effective reducing nitrous oxide emission, high calorific value and flame less combustion. Addition of hydrogen to higher proportions enhances the combustion performance, minimizing the setbacks of conventional fuel and meets the specified standards on emission. Originality/value From the literature review, the comparative study on hydrogen with other fuel is explained. This paper concludes that addition of hydrogen in fuel enhances the performance of combustion on gas turbine engine along with significant reduction in emission levels.

Developing single‐substrate steady‐state model for biohydrogen production in continuous anaerobic activated sludge–rotating biological contactor system: Novel insights on the process

“…Therefore, the single-substrate model included endogenous rate constant (k e ). The liming substrate (Equation [6]) and biomass concentration (Equation [7]) can be revised as follows:…”

“…[3][4][5] Biological hydrogen production from renewable sources propose a practical means for sustainable hydrogen (H 2 ) supply and make it as a favorable environmentally friendly source with low greenhouse gases and high efficiency. [6][7][8] Among several methods for biological H 2 production, dark-fermentation has been recognized as a feasible and effective method due to its ability to hydrogen production from different waste materials at environment pressures and temperatures, deprived of photo-energy, simple operation conditions requirement, and controls compared to other biological methods. [9][10][11][12][13] However, fermentative biohydrogen production requires more sustained accomplishments to be an efficient and economically practicable technology.…”

“…Among renewable fuels, hydrogen is considered to be the primary choice as it offers substantial benefits over other conventional fuels 3‐5 . Biological hydrogen production from renewable sources propose a practical means for sustainable hydrogen (H 2 ) supply and make it as a favorable environmentally friendly source with low greenhouse gases and high efficiency 6‐8 . Among several methods for biological H 2 production, dark‐fermentation has been recognized as a feasible and effective method due to its ability to hydrogen production from different waste materials at environment pressures and temperatures, deprived of photo‐energy, simple operation conditions requirement, and controls compared to other biological methods 9‐13 .…”

Analytical modeling on the coloring of certain graphs for applications of air traffic and air scheduling management

“…Graph theory techniques enable the analysis of complex structures in networks, hence, have plenty of applications in domains such as biological network, computer network, communication network, social network, air traffic network (Johnson and Williams, 2011;Farrahi et al, 2017), etc. In recent days, air traffic is increasing because of the huge demand (Gunasekar et al, 2020). Thus, finding a promising method to manage the traffic movement is an immense requirement.…”

Energetic, exergetic, exergoeconomic, environmental (4E) and sustainability performances of an unmanned aerial vehicle micro turbojet engine

“…The application of hydrogen fuel in aero propulsion systems is growing significantly. According to several experimentations and numerical studies, it is a suitable choice for GT engines (Gunasekar et al , 2020a). Gunasekar et al (2020b) assessed the exergetic performance of a turbojet engine for both Jet A-1 and hydrogen fuels.…”