Hydrogels Based on 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate: Synthesis, Characterization and Hydration Capacity

Oyarce, Estefanía; Pizarro, Guadalupe del C.; Oyarzún, Diego P.; Zúñiga, César; Sánchez, Julio

doi:10.4067/s0717-97072020000104682

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Meanwhile, NVP can also facilitate the double bond conversion of PEGDA 700 (Figure ). Considering the overlap of CO and CC stretching vibration bands of PEGDA 700 (CO: 1730 cm –1 ; CC: 1640 cm –1 ) and NVP (CO: 1710 cm –1 ; CC:1630 cm –1 ) (Figure S7), ,− monitoring the individual double bond conversions of PEGDA 700 and NVP using FTIR was infeasible. Therefore, 1 H NMR was used to evaluate the photopolymerization profile of the acrylate/vinyl blend.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the characteristic peaks (CC and CO) of NVP and PEGDA overlap with each other, ,− the photopolymerizations of NVP and PEGA/NVP were investigated using an Agilent MR 400 MHz spectrometer with D 2 O as the solvent. The characterized peaks of methylene groups of NVP (Figure S4a: H3 NVP, H4 NVP , and H5 NVP ) shifted after polymerization as shown in Figure S4d and ref .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Printed Ion-Responsive Personalized Transdermal Patch

Zhu,

Peng,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Microneedle patches are easy-to-use medical devices for transdermal administration. However, the insufficient insertion of microneedles due to the gap between planar patches and contoured skin affects drug delivery. Herein, we formulate a prepolymer for high-fidelity three-dimensional (3D) printed personalized transdermal patches. With the excellent photoinitiation ability of 2-(4-methoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5triazine (Tz), a high-fidelity and precise microneedle patch is successfully fabricated. Upon irradiation of the white illuminator, the doped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the patch release heat and promisingly induce sweat production. With the introduction of Na + , the dominant component of sweat, the curvature of the produced transdermal patch is observed due to the ion-induced network rearrangement. The alkanethiol-stabilized AuNP with an end group of a carboxyl group causes controlled drug release behavior. Furthermore, the irradiation-induced photothermal heating of AuNP can facilitate the sustainability of drug release thanks to the substantially increased particle size of AuNP. These findings demonstrate that the developed prepolymer is a promising candidate for the production of transdermal patches fitting the curvature of the body surface.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printed Ion-Responsive Personalized Transdermal Patch

Zhu,

Peng,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…On the other hand, the higher availability of OH groups for FT hydrogels increases hydrophilic interactions lowering the value of the interaction parameter [7,8,20]. Nevertheless, a 𝝌 value greater than 0.5, were found for both types of hydrogels, indicating insolubility.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flory-Huggins Interaction Parameter for Pva-Water in Hydrogels Prepared by Two Methods: Freezing/Thawing and Crosslinking With Citric Acid

Vargas¹

2022

rev. colom. mater.

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PVA hydrogels are largely used for biomedical applications due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and suitable mechanical strength. These hydrogels can be synthetized by several methods. In this work hydrogels were obtained by two methods, freezing/thawing, and crosslinking with citric acid. The degree of swelling for both types of hydrogels was in the range of 60-70% which corresponds to a medium degree of swelling. Young’s modulus measurements gave values in the range of 0.20 to 4.00 MPa, which are proper values for tissue regeneration or wound healing applications. Crosslinking degree was found to be higher for the freezing/thawing hydrogels, in agreement with a lower percentage of hydration and a higher modulus. By means of the Flory-Rehner model, the interaction parameter (χ) of PVA - water was calculated. This value depends on the availability of OH groups in the polymer. The highest value of c was found for the hydrogels crosslinked with citric acid, revealing that their water-polymer interactions are weaker than those occurring in freezing/thawing hydrogels, which has more available OH groups. However, values higher than 0.5 were found for both types of hydrogels, indicating insolubility in water; therefore, these values imply mechanical stability in aqueous solutions for a relative long time. It is concluded that freezing/thawing is a more reproducible method, which allows the modulation of the crosslinking degree, perhaps, the most important parameter to be controlled.

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“…The copolymer was synthesized via free radical polymerization with α,α'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as a radical initiator. It is known that the HEMA monomer and MBA cross-linker react very fast in the presence of radical initiators due to their double bonds [54][55][56][57][58]. On the contrary, no reactivity is expected for PVP in these experimental conditions, and it only interacts via H-bonds contributing to the interpenetrated structure.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Synthesized Hydrogelmentioning

confidence: 94%

Removing Aged Polymer Coatings from Porous Stone Surfaces Using the Gel Cleaning Method

Weththimuni,

Fiocco,

Girella

et al. 2024

Coatings

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Acrylic polymers were extensively used in past restoration practices, usually as consolidants or protecting agents. Their removal is often required because polymer coatings can improve some decay processes of stone substrates and, after ageing, may generate undesirable materials on the surface of artifacts. Therefore, the removal of old polymer coating from the surface of artifacts has become a common operation in the conservation of cultural heritage. As with other cleaning operations, it is a delicate process that may irreversibly damage the artifacts if not correctly carried out. The main aim of this study was to determine the appropriate cleaning procedure for efficiently removing old acrylic polymers (e.g., Paraloid B-72) from the surface of historical buildings. For this purpose, a polymer was applied to two different porous stone substrates (bio-calcarenite and arenaria stone). The hydrogel cleaning approach was used for the present study, as preliminary results suggested that it is the most promising polymer-removing method. The considered hydrogel (based on a semi-interpenetrating polymer network involving poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and polyvinylpyrrolidone) was prepared and characterized using different techniques in order to assess the gel’s properties, including the gel content, equilibrium water content, retention capability, hardness, Young’s modulus, and morphology. After that, the hydrogel was loaded with appropriate amounts of nano-structured emulsions (NSEs) containing a surfactant (EcoSufTM), organic solvents, and H2O, then applied onto the coated surfaces. Moreover, plain EcoSurfTM in a water emulsion (EcoSurf/H2O) was also used to understand the polymer-removing behavior of the surfactant without any organic solvent. A comparative study was carried out on artificially aged and unaged polymer-coated samples to better understand the cleaning effectiveness of the considered emulsions for removing decayed polymer coatings. The experimental results showed that the NSE-loaded hydrogel cleaning method was more effective than other common cleaning procedures (e.g., cellulose pulp method). In fact, only one cleaning step was enough to remove the polymeric material from the stone surfaces without affecting their original properties.

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Hydrogels Based on 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate: Synthesis, Characterization and Hydration Capacity

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

3D Printed Ion-Responsive Personalized Transdermal Patch

3D Printed Ion-Responsive Personalized Transdermal Patch

Flory-Huggins Interaction Parameter for Pva-Water in Hydrogels Prepared by Two Methods: Freezing/Thawing and Crosslinking With Citric Acid

Removing Aged Polymer Coatings from Porous Stone Surfaces Using the Gel Cleaning Method

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