Hydrogel Based on Nanoclay and Gelatin Methacrylate Polymeric Matrix as a Potential Osteogenic Application

Abstract

A nanocomposite hydrogel has potentially applicability in the induction of osteogenesis. The hydrogel was synthesized using 1% gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), a biodegradable and bioactive polymer containing the structure of gelatin, denatured collagen derived from the extracellular bone matrix, and 6% laponite (Lap), a synthetic phyllosilicate of nanosized particles. Initially, 0.6 g of Lap was added to deionized water, and then a solution of GelMA/Igarcure was added under stirring and UV light for crosslinking. The spectra in the Fourier-transform infrared region showed bands that indicate the interaction between gelatin and methacrylate anhydride. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the presence of Lap and GelMA in the hydrogel. The thermogravimetric analysis suggested an increase in the thermal stability of the hydrogel with the presence of clay mineral. Rheological analysis showed that the hydrogel had a viscosity that allowed its injectability. The hydrogel did not show acute toxicity at any of the concentrations tested according to the Artemia salina lethality test. It showed cell viability more significant than 80% in the MTT test, which makes it suitable for in vivo osteogenic induction tests. The cell differentiation test showed the differentiation of stem cells into osteogenic cells. It indicates a material with the potential for osteogenic induction and possible application in bone tissue engineering.

Unveiling the versatility of gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels: a comprehensive journey into biomedical applications

“…Itaconate-encapsulated ZIF-8 NPs immobilized in GelMA [159], Curcumin-incorporated GelMA [160], Methacrylated chondroitin sulfate/ methacrylated HA/GelMA [161]. Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells-incorporated GelMA/MAAmodified poly(amidoamine) [162], GelMA/ engineered cartilage gel [163], Diclofenac sodium-incorporated GelMA/acrylamide/2methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine [97], bMSCs affinity peptide sequence PFSSTKT-modified chondrocyte ECM particles/GelMA [164], Nanoclay/alginate/GelMA [165], Denatured collagen/Gel-MA/Laponite [166], Iron oxide NPs/GelMA [167], Alanyl-Glutamine-modified GelMA [168] are some of the recent studies that demonstrated favorable results in cartilage tissue repair.…”

Development of bioactive short fiber-reinforced printable hydrogels with tunable mechanical and osteogenic properties for bone repair

“…16,17 However, inferior weight-bearing properties of GelMA limit their use and need to be reinforced with certain components, including carbon nanotubes, nano-cellulose, and nano clay to enhance the mechanical properties. [18][19][20] To take advantage of GelMA cell adhesion properties, there are few current reports that utilized GelMA coating on 3D printed polymeric scaffolds that improve the cell behavior. 21,22 The 3D bioprinting of fiber-reinforced GelMA hydrogel offers advantages including patient specificity or cell patterning, which are still missing.…”