Hydrogel-based electrodes for selective cervical vagus nerve stimulation

Horn, Charles C.; Forssell, Mats; Sciullo, Michael; Harms, Jonathan E.; Fulton, Stephanie; Mou, Chenchen; Sun, Fan; Simpson, Tyler; Xiao, Gutian; Fisher, Lee E.; Bettinger, Christopher J.; Fedder, Gary K.

doi:10.1088/1741-2552/abf398

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…With the presented problem set-up and parameters defined in Table 2, we utilized a boundary value problem solver on MATLAB (bvp4c) to solve the system of ODEs over the range of intended oscillation frequencies. The impedance is calculated by using the solution of the electric potential to find the ratio of the change in voltage and produced current at the electrode surface (eqn (11)).…”

Section: Poisson-nernst-planck Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4] Their similarity in physiochemical properties to soft biological tissue has shown improved biocompatibility and integration with the human body in comparison to other materials. [5][6][7][8][9] As a result, hydrogel-based bioelectronics have been utilized in interfacing with the peripheral nervous system, 10,11 the cardiac system, 12 and the skin. 13,14 Hydrogels have been used as various components in sensors such as structural elements and substrates, 15,16 coatings and intermediate layers, 17,18 and sensing elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poisson–Nernst–Planck framework for modelling ionic strain and temperature sensors

et al. 2023

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Section: Poisson-nernst-planck Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poisson–Nernst–Planck framework for modelling ionic strain and temperature sensors

et al. 2023

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“…Conductive polymers continue to be an active research topic for biomaterials and have demonstrated record tensile strains (>100%), low moduli (kPa-MPa), and conductivity (10 1 -10 4 S m -1 ), [578][579][580][581][582] among other tunable charac teristics such as anisotropy, [583] adhesiveness, [156,[584][585][586] and bio degradability. [587] A wide range of polymers are being explored as stretchable semiconductors, optimizing for charge car rier mobility, [587][588][589] device density, [590] ionic transport, [591] and neuromorphic computing.…”

Section: Other Conductorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Materials Chemistry to Advance Flexible Bioelectronics in Medicine

et al. 2022

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Designing bioelectronic devices that seamlessly integrate with the human body is a technological pursuit of great importance. Bioelectronic medical devices that reliably and chronically interface with the body can advance neuroscience, health monitoring, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Recent major efforts focus on investigating strategies to fabricate flexible, stretchable, and soft electronic devices, and advances in materials chemistry have emerged as fundamental to the creation of the next generation of bioelectronics. This review summarizes contemporary advances and forthcoming technical challenges related to three principal components of bioelectronic devices: i) substrates and structural materials, ii) barrier and encapsulation materials, and iii) conductive materials. Through notable illustrations from the literature, integration and device fabrication strategies and associated challenges for each material class are highlighted.

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“…[160] The mechanical properties of composite electrodes coated with conductive hydrogels can approach the biological range. Both nanoparticles of metals [161][162][163] or conductive clays such as Laponite [78] (Laponite is a trademark of the company BYK Additives Ltd.), and PEDOT:PSS [164][165][166] can be integrated in a hydrogel matrix, most commonly composed of PVA or polyacrylamide. These composites are electrically and ionically conductive, with a mechanically soft profile and occasionally stretchable nature.…”

Section: Conductive Composites and Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials for Implantable Surface Electrode Arrays: Current Status and Future Directions

Tringides

Mooney

2022

Advanced Materials

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with the outermost layer of biological tissues, often spanning a significant surface area. Devices typically have multiple electrodes that aim to monitor and modulate cells and tissues in a minimally invasive manner, using biomaterials designed to evoke minimal inflammatory responses. Applications of Surface Electrode Arrays RecordingBecause surface electrode arrays can record a "snapshot" of the electrical activity at distinct locations, these arrays are useful to monitor the function of a tissue. Though the recordings are typically local field potentials, with electrodes that are small enough to modulate as little of a location as possible while still maintaining a sufficiently high conductivity, single units from individual cells have been reported. Clinically, these recordings are used to map the epicardial surface to identify instances, and potentially mechanisms, of chronic atrial fibrillation, [1] dysfunction of ventricular tachycardia caused by congenital defects, [2] and other abnormal conduction conditions in the cardiac system. Clinical electrocorticogram (ECoG) is used to identify similar functional changes on the cortical surface of the brain, most commonly to identify epileptic focal center(s), or detect seizure activity. [3][4][5][6][7] Other functional uses of ECoG include intraoperative monitoring during tumor resection. [8] A surgeon can ask a patient to perform an activity such as a speech and then identify and avoid the active cortical regions during surgery, to avoid major disruptions to the patient quality of life. StimulationInstead of passively monitoring electrical activity, multielectrode surface arrays can provide electrical current to the underlying tissue and induce a desired excitatory or inhibitory response. The applications for stimulating surface electrode arrays are often therapeutic and include implantable pacemakers, which restore a normal cardiac rhythm by providing external and overriding cues to the cardiomyocytes responsible for establishing a sinus rhythm. [9] Pulses delivered to specific regions of the spinal cord are used to manage chronic pain, [10][11][12] and more recently as a therapy to promote neuronal plasticity in Surface electrode arrays are mainly fabricated from rigid or elastic materials, and precisely manipulated ductile metal films, which offer limited stretchability. However, the living tissues to which they are applied are nonlinear viscoelastic materials, which can undergo significant mechanical deformation in dynamic biological environments. Further, the same arrays and compositions are often repurposed for vastly different tissues rather than optimizing the materials and mechanical properties of the implant for the target application. By first characterizing the desired biological environment, and then designing a technology for a particular organ, surface electrode arrays may be more conformable, and offer better interfaces to tissues while causing less damage. Here, the various materials used in each component of a surface electrode array are first r...

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Hydrogel-based electrodes for selective cervical vagus nerve stimulation

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Poisson–Nernst–Planck framework for modelling ionic strain and temperature sensors

Poisson–Nernst–Planck framework for modelling ionic strain and temperature sensors

Recent Progress in Materials Chemistry to Advance Flexible Bioelectronics in Medicine

Materials for Implantable Surface Electrode Arrays: Current Status and Future Directions

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