Hydrogel 3D printing with the capacitor edge effect

Wang, Jikun; Lu, Tongqing; Yang, Meng; Sun, Donglei; Xia, Yukun; Wang, Zhihui

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aau8769

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The low processing temperature of these printing methods is beneficial for most plastic/elastomer substrates, meanwhile they are inherently compatible with solution-processable organic conductors such as conductive polymers [242,[297][298][299][300] and ionically/electrically conductive hydrogels (Figure 14c). [301][302][303] Besides, a broad variety of inorganic nanomaterials, such as metallic flakes, [136] nanowires, [144,304] CNTs [163,305,306] and 2D nanosheets (Figure 14d), [307,308] have been successfully dispersed in liquid phase to formulate printable inks with on-demand rheological and chemical properties. Novel encapsulating materials such as anti-biofouling coatings may also be required in implanted bioelectronic probes, and aerosol jet printing method for high quality and conformable coating could be utilized.…”

Section: Conclusion Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging Soft Conductors for Bioelectronic Interfaces

Gao

Parida

Lee

2019

Adv Funct Materials

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Bidirectional interfacing between electrode and biological system has enabled diagnostics and therapeutics in modern medicine, however the inherent dissimilarity between the soft, ion-rich, dynamic biological tissues and the rigid, dry, static electronic systems hinders the establishment of effective and reliable bioelectronic interfaces. In the past decade, the scope of flexible/stretchable electronics has been broadened into bioelectronics owing to the need of implementation of various biocompatible soft conductors. This review discusses the basic requirements for the construction of both epidermal and implantable bioelectronic interfaces utilizing soft materials, and summarizes the most recent progress in the development of soft conductors which are customized to interface with skin and other tissues. The conclusion provides an outlook on the remaining obstacles and outlines possible strategies to facilitate the technological advances in bioelectronics.

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Section: Conclusion Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conclusion Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Soft Conductors for Bioelectronic Interfaces

Gao

Parida

Lee

2019

Adv Funct Materials

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“…By engraving grooves on the surface of a sample with digital projection lithography, bending or twisting deformations due to internal swelling resistance of the hydrogel can be realised. Jiang et al [1] and Wang et al [13] state in their papers that direct ink writing (DIW) is much more suitable for fabricating synthetic hydrogels because it can print multiple gel-like materials simultaneously. The DIW technique (also called robocasting) requires that the "ink" is high viscosity liquid, like slurry, before its exit from a nozzle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed hydrogel nanocomposites: fine-tuning nanostructure for anisotropic mechanical and conductive properties

Zhao

Chen

et al. 2020

Adv Compos Hybrid Mater

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Additive manufacturing of composites offers a potential for a new level of control over a material's structure at the microscale. The focus of this work is a 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-based gelation system with orderly distributed carbon nanotubes (CNTs). CNTs undergo shear-induced alignment during printing process, and retain their orientation after the polymerisation of HEMA monomers, thereby, forming a nanocomposite with anisotropic mechanical and electrical properties. It is characterised with an intensive programme of mechanical tests including quasistatic uniaxial stretching, and dynamic cyclic loadings, as well as its four-terminal sensing of conductive characteristics. A coupling effect of mechanical and electrical properties is also studied. The experimental findings are discussed in detail and demonstrate that the orientation of CNTs affects both the mechanical and electrical conductive properties of the nanocomposites in terms of its ultimate strength, resistivity, and a piezoresistive coefficient. Understanding of anisotropic electromechanical properties of printed PHEMA-CNT hydrogel nanocomposite will ultimately underpin the development of smart soft materials for diverse applications, such as biomimetic nucleus pulposus or flexible electronics.

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“…These discussions imply that existing concerns about the ink for DIW printing are mostly focused on the cohesive properties of the ink, whereas the role of the substrate is overlooked. A recent attempt uses the capacitor edge effect based on asymmetric capacitors to trap and pattern liquid and thus circumvent the modification of ink, but the pre-requisite built-in electrodes restrict the designing flexibility ( Wang et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-ink-write printing of hydrogels using dilute inks

Zhang

et al. 2021

iScience

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Summary Direct-ink-write (DIW) printing has been used in myriad applications. Existing DIW printing relies on inks of specific rheology to compromise with printing process, imposing restrictions on the choice of printable materials. Reported ink viscosity ranges from 10 −1 to 10 3 Pa·s. Here we report a method to enable DIW printing that is compatible with dilute ink (10 −3 Pa·s) by manipulating the interactions between ink and substrate. By exemplifying hydrogel printing, we build a printing system and show that dilute ink of appropriate surface energy, once extruded, can spontaneously wet and reside within the region of higher surface energy on a substrate of lower surface energy, while resisting gravity and maintaining shape before solidification. We demonstrate the diversity for printing various materials on various substrates and three deployments immediately enabled by the proposed method. The method expands the range of printable materials for DIW printing and the toolbox for additive manufacturing.

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Hydrogel 3D printing with the capacitor edge effect

Cited by 49 publications

References 39 publications

Emerging Soft Conductors for Bioelectronic Interfaces

Emerging Soft Conductors for Bioelectronic Interfaces

Printed hydrogel nanocomposites: fine-tuning nanostructure for anisotropic mechanical and conductive properties

Direct-ink-write printing of hydrogels using dilute inks

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