Hydrodynamics of tsunamis generated by asteroid impact in the Black Sea

Abstract

Abstract:Two-dimensional and one-dimensional models are used to evaluate the seashore effects of the tsunami generated by an asteroid hitting the deep water in the Eastern region of the Black Sea. The shallow water theory has been used to describe tsunami propagation. The distance between the impact point and the nearest coast is about 150 km. The effects on the coastal regions depend on many factors among which the most important is asteroid size. The tsunami generated by a 250 m asteroid reaches the nearest dry land location in 20 minutes and needs about two hours to hit all over the Black Sea coast. The horizontal inundation length is also known as run-in or run-off distance, according to the direction of water movement.The run-up values may be up to 39 m in the Eastern basin and a more than ten times smaller in the Western region. The Northern part of the Black Sea coast is not affected by the tsunami. The run-in values of a tsunami generated by a 1000 m diameter asteroid are sensibly larger than the similar values associated to a 250 m diameter asteroid. The run-in strongly depends on the distance from the impact position to the shore and on coastal topographical profile. For instance, the run-in distance in case of a tsunami generated by a 250 m size asteroid is 0.1 km (at Varna), 0.5 km (Ordu), 0.7 km (Yalta) and 1.4 km (Sochi). In case of the 1000 m diameter asteroid the run-in distance is 0.7 km (at Varna) and 2.9 km (Yalta). The results accuracy is also discussed. PACS

Implication of source models on tsunami wave simulations for 2004 (Mw 9.2) Sumatra earthquake

“…The methodology is also applicable for dam break analysis (George 2011;Pelinovsky et al 2016). The corresponding algorithm is also utilized to understand the wave motion pattern during an asteroid impact, submarine landslides and debris flow modeling (Isvoranu and Badescu 2012;Weiss et al 2017;Turmel et al 2018;Carey 2018;Løvholt et al 2020). It is thus evident that the modeling technique can efficiently handle the complicated boundary condition rendering appropriate control of the flow regime.…”

Tsunami Hazard for the Crimean Coast of the Black Sea and the Kerch Strait at the Catastrophic Tsunamigenic Earthquakes, the Locations of which are Close to that of the Historical Yalta Earthquake on September 12, 1927

“…The seismic and tsunami hazard assessments of the Black Sea, both Russian and other coasts of this water area, have been the subject of many works (see, for example, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]). However, despite the proposed analytical methods and models for simulation of the generation and propagation of tsunami waves, the question of the possible danger of the Black Sea tsunami remains relevant, in particular, in connection with the operation of the recently built Crimean Bridge across the Kerch Strait.…”