Hydrodynamics of soil immobilization in the immobilized soil bioreactor

Karamanev, Dimitre; Chavarie, C.; Samson, Réjean

doi:10.1002/aic.690430505

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This horizontal flow is responsible for the process of soil immobilization into the geotextile membrane pores as described previously. The process of soil immobilization is quite rapid: over 90% of the soil particles (150-250 m fraction) are immobilized within the first 12 min of operating the reactor (Karamanev et al, 1997). Similar results were obtained for different soil size fractions in the range of 1-1000 m. The time for immobilization, however, increased with a decrease in the particle size.…”

Section: Immobilized Soil Bioreactorsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The liquid pattern in the vertical direction consists of a rising flow in the aerated section and a downward flow in the nonaerated section, similar to a classic airlift. However, the liquid velocity in the new reactor is a nonlinear function of the vertical coordinate (Karamanev et al, 1997), contrary to what is observed in conventional airlifts.…”

Section: Immobilized Soil Bioreactorcontrasting

confidence: 57%

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Soil immobilization: New concept for biotreatment of soil contaminants

Karamanev

Chavarie

Samson

1998

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

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A new concept for the development of microbial consortia for the degradation of persistent soil pollutants and for pollutant treatment is proposed. The concept defined as “soil immobilization” is based on the entrapment of soil particles, showing microbial activity in degrading the target pollutant, into a solid membrane with a large pore size distribution. The particular hydrodynamic and mass transfer properties of this system result in a very efficient process. A new type of bioreactor is proposed for carrying out the immobilized soil process. The performance of the system was tested by developing a microbial system for the mineralization of pentachlorophenol (PCP). The results show that the volumetric efficiency of the process for PCP mineralization in the immobilized soil bioreactor is 1–3 orders of magnitude higher than reported literature values. Chlorine and carbon atoms of PCP are both nearly completely (99%) mineralized. ©1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 57: 471‐476, 1998.

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Section: Immobilized Soil Bioreactorsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Immobilized Soil Bioreactorcontrasting

confidence: 57%

Soil immobilization: New concept for biotreatment of soil contaminants

Karamanev

Chavarie

Samson

1998

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

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“…The aeration in the riser causes a liquid flow pattern in the reactor in two directions: vertically (upward in the riser and downward in the downcomer) and horizontally through the draft tube wall from the downcomer to the riser (Figure 1). Both horizontal and vertical components of liquid velocity were a function of the reactor height (7). The driving force for both liquid flow directions is the hydrostatic pressure difference between the riser and the downcomer (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Rate Biodegradation of Pentachlorophenol by Biofilm Developed in the Immobilized Soil Bioreactor

Karamanev

Samson

1998

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A novel type of bioreactor, the immobilized soil biofilm reactor, was used for the biodegradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in aqueous solutions. An extremely high volumetric PCP degradation rate was obtainedsup to 950 mg of PCP L -1 h -1 . The study of the biofilm growth kinetics showed that biofilm mass reached 4 g dry weight/L of reactor volume, which is much higher than values generally reported in the literature. The corresponding yield coefficient was found to be 0.054 g of biomass/g of PCP. The biofilm thickness during the PCP degradation constant rate period was below 100 µm. A mathematical model based on a diffusionreaction mechanism in a cylindrical shell biofilm showed that under these conditions the process is kinetically controlled. Substrate utilization kinetic data showed that the process can be described by a Monod-type model with µ m ) 0.016 h -1 and K s ) 5.74 mg of PCP/L. It was shown that essentially all PCP is degraded within the biofilm, with negligible liquid-phase biodegradation. The effect of different physicochemical parameters of the liquid phase on PCP biodegradation rate was also studied. The optimal temperature range was between 20 and 35 °C, while a 60% rate decrease was observed at 15 °C. The process was inhibited at pH values above 7.7, while the main watersoluble reaction product (chloride ions) affected negatively the process only at concentrations higher than 15.8 g/L. These results show that aerobic biodegradation of PCP is much less affected by variations in the different physicochemical factors when carried out in a biofilm as compared to a free suspended culture. These considerations become the bases for modeling and designing of immobilized soil bioreactors for PCP degradation in aqueous phase (such as groundwater and process water of soil washing).

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Design and experimental study of immobilized soil bioreactor for in‐well biodegradation of pentach rophenol in groundwater

1999

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A novel system for in-situ biological treatment of pentachlorophenol in groundwater is proposed in this work. It is based on the concept of soil immobilization, which has already been shown to be very efficient when applied to bioreactor engineering. For this paper, we used immobilized soil to develop a bioreactor system for an in-situ (in-well) biodegradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP). The process was camed out at 9"C, a temperature typical for groundwater. The volumetric PCP degradation efficiency in the new system was very high -up to 400 mg/(L.h). The effect of some physicochemical parameters (temperature, substrate concentration) on the biodegradation kinetics was studied. The results obtained show that the application of soil immobilization to the in-situ biodegradation of groundwater contaminated with PCP is very promising.On propose dans ce travail un nouveau systeme pour le traitement biologique in situ du pentachlorophenol dans I'eau souterraine. Celui-ci s'appuie sur le concept de I'immobilisation du sol, dont on a deja montre l'efficacite lorsqu'il est applique au genie des bioreacteurs. Dans cet article, on utilise du sol immobilise pour mettre au point un systeme de bioreacteur pour une biodegradation in situ (dans le puits) du pentachlorophenol (PCP). Le procede a ete realise a 9"C, une temperature typique de I'eau souterraine. L'efficacite volumetrique de degradation du PCP de ce nouveau systeme est tres elevee -jusqu'a 400 mg/(L.h). On a etudie I'effet de certains parametres physicochimiques (temperature, concentration de substrat) sur la cinetique de biodegradation. Les resultats obtenus montrent que l'application de I'immobilisation du sol a la biodegradation in situ de I'eau souterraine contaminee au PCP est tres prometteuse.

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Hydrodynamics of soil immobilization in the immobilized soil bioreactor

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Soil immobilization: New concept for biotreatment of soil contaminants

Soil immobilization: New concept for biotreatment of soil contaminants

High-Rate Biodegradation of Pentachlorophenol by Biofilm Developed in the Immobilized Soil Bioreactor

Design and experimental study of immobilized soil bioreactor for in‐well biodegradation of pentach rophenol in groundwater

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