Hydrodynamical control of phytoplankton succession during the vernal light-limited phase in the Baltic Sea

Nõmmann, Sulev; Kaasik, E.

doi:10.3354/meps084279

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…11. The model predicts a spring bloom mainly composed of diatoms and flagellates in agreement with the observations (HELCOM, 1990;Nommann and Kaasik, 1992). An interesting finding is that the summertime biomass can be maintained only by including a functional group like state variable P (4) (Fig.…”

Section: Chlorophyll and Phytoplanktonsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Model results show a strong persistence of this group under almost all seasonal conditions because of the competitive ecological functionalities parameterised in the model (fast growth rates, low light limitation and only one predator, the heterotrophic flagellates). Although some observations give indications of early blooms of the smaller autotrophic plankton (Nommann and Kaasik, 1992), this behavior needs to be further supported by more accurate information. ; FLAG = autotrophic nanoflagellates P (2) ; PICO = picophytoplankton P 3; SLOW = large slow-growing phytoplankton P (4) .…”

Section: Chlorophyll and Phytoplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Link or sink: a modelling interpretation of the open Baltic biogeochemistry

Vichi¹,

Ruardij²,

Baretta³

2004

Preprint

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Abstract. A 1-D model system, consisting of the 1-D version of the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) coupled with the European Regional Seas Ecosystem Model (ERSEM) has been applied to a sub-basin of the Baltic Proper, the Bornholm basin. The model has been forced with 3h meteorological data for the period 1979-1990, producing a 12-year hindcast validated with datasets from the Baltic Environmental Database for the same period. The model results demonstrate the model to hindcast the time-evolution of the physical structure very well, confirming the view of the open Baltic water column as a three layer system of surface, intermediate and bottom waters. Comparative analyses of modelled hydrochemical components with respect to the independent data have shown that the long-term system behaviour of the model is within the observed ranges. Also primary production processes, deduced from oxygen (over)saturation are hindcast correctly over the entire period and the annual net primary production is within the observed range. The largest mismatch with observations is found in simulating the biogeochemistry of the Baltic intermediate waters. Modifications in the structure of the model (addition of fast-sinking detritus and polysaccharide dynamics) have shown that the nutrient dynamics is linked to the quality and dimensions of the organic matter produced in the euphotic zone, highlighting the importance of the residence time of the organic matter within the microbial foodweb in the intermediate waters. Experiments with different scenarios of riverine nutrient loads, assessed in the limits of a 1-D setup, have shown that the external input of organic matter makes the open Baltic model more heterotrophic. The characteristics of the inputs also drive the dynamics of nitrogen in the bottom layers leading either to nitrate accumulation (when the external sources are inorganic), or to coupled nitrification-denitrification (under strong organic inputs). The model indicates the permanent stratification to be the main feature of the system as regulator of carbon and nutrient budgets. The model predicts that most of the carbon produced in the euphotic zone is also consumed in the water column and this enhances the importance of heterotrophic benthic processes as final closures of carbon and nutrient cycles in the open Baltic.

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Section: Chlorophyll and Phytoplanktonsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Chlorophyll and Phytoplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Link or sink: a modelling interpretation of the open Baltic biogeochemistry

Vichi¹,

Ruardij²,

Baretta³

2004

Preprint

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“…4). Meso-scale physical forcing is an important process transporting nutrients from deeper layers into the euphotic zone (N6mmann & Kaasik 1992). It is likely that the picoplankton experienced a temporary relief of nutrient limitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient control of cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea

Stal¹,

Staal²,

Villbrandt³

1999

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

114

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Cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea were investigated with respect to growth limitation and nitrogen fixation. The community was composed predominantly of Synechococcus spp., and large, heterocystous, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria (Aphanizomenon spp. and Nodularia spp.), that usually formed buoyant macroscopic aggregates. Although conspicuous, these aggregates often represented less than 20 to 309'0 of the total chlorophyll a. Nitrogenase activity was not limited by molybdate availability, but, instead, by high concentrations of sulfate. This may explain inhibition of nitrogenase activity at high salinities. Inhibition of nitrogenase activity at high salinity did not occur when sulfate concentration was kept low. Nitrogen fixation and growth of the diazotrophic cyanobacteria were limited by iron. Synechococcus spp. was primarily nitrogen limited but iron appeared to be the secondary limiting substrate, particularly when these organisms depended on nitrate as the source of nitrogen. Nutnent limitation of the picoplanktonic community was particularly apparent when a wind-induced mixing event occurred. These organisms responded by a subsequent doubling of their biomass within 24 h. Mixing of the water column apparently transported nutrients from greater depth into the euphotic zone, causing a temporary relieve of nitrogen lirn~tation.

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“…The annual maximum is reached in April-May, with a peak up to 10 times higher than the subsequent summer level. This spring bloom maximum consists mainly of diatoms and dinoflagellates, the succession proceeding from the Southern Baltic towards the Northern Baltic (Ha¨llfors et al, 1981;No¨mmann & Kaasik, 1992;Lignell et al, 1993;Wassmund et al, 1998). It is suggested that the start of the bloom is mainly related to available light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Phytoplankton Spring Bloom Intensity Index for the Baltic Sea Estimated for the years 1992 to 2004

Fleming¹,

Kaitala²

2006

Hydrobiologia

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We introduce an index for estimating the annual phytoplankton spring bloom intensity in the Baltic Sea. It is based on chlorophyll a estimates calculated from automatically sampled fluorescence and chlorophyll a measurements on board cargo ships from 1992 to 2004. The intensity is described by an index including information on the chlorophyll a concentration and duration of the spring bloom period. In all of the years studied, the spring bloom was most intense in the Gulf of Finland. In the Gulf of Finland and the Northern Baltic Proper there was a slight tendency for the bloom to start earlier in the spring.

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Hydrodynamical control of phytoplankton succession during the vernal light-limited phase in the Baltic Sea

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Link or sink: a modelling interpretation of the open Baltic biogeochemistry

Link or sink: a modelling interpretation of the open Baltic biogeochemistry

Nutrient control of cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea

Phytoplankton Spring Bloom Intensity Index for the Baltic Sea Estimated for the years 1992 to 2004

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