Hydrodynamic stimuli and the fish lateral line

Engelmann, Jacob; Hanke, Wolf; Mogdans, Joachim; Bleckmann, Horst

doi:10.1038/35040706

Cited by 236 publications

(191 citation statements)

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“…The findings that the swimming behaviour in steady flows and still water is not altered when the lateral line is blocked and when high contrast visual stimuli are present [11,12] do, however, argue for a visual control mechanism of swim speed in sighted fish. Furthermore, hydrodynamic perception of speed is inhibited by the presence of currents [13,14], leaving vision as the only sense available for estimating ground speed. The missing correlation between the amount of visual feedback and the swimming velocities in zebrafish does not necessarily exclude the use of optic flow for speed control.…”

Section: Results and Discussion (A) Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of self-motion in dynamic fluids: fish do it differently from bees

et al. 2014

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To detect and avoid collisions, animals need to perceive and control the distance and the speed with which they are moving relative to obstacles. This is especially challenging for swimming and flying animals that must control movement in a dynamic fluid without reference from physical contact to the ground. Flying animals primarily rely on optic flow to control flight speed and distance to obstacles. Here, we investigate whether swimming animals use similar strategies for self-motion control to flying animals by directly comparing the trajectories of zebrafish (Danio rerio) and bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) moving through the same experimental tunnel. While moving through the tunnel, black and white patterns produced (i) strong horizontal optic flow cues on both walls, (ii) weak horizontal optic flow cues on both walls and (iii) strong optic flow cues on one wall and weak optic flow cues on the other. We find that the mean speed of zebrafish does not depend on the amount of optic flow perceived from the walls. We further show that zebrafish, unlike bumblebees, move closer to the wall that provides the strongest visual feedback. This unexpected preference for strong optic flow cues may reflect an adaptation for self-motion control in water or in environments where visibility is limited.

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Section: Results and Discussion (A) Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of self-motion in dynamic fluids: fish do it differently from bees

et al. 2014

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“…In particular, the sensitivity of the superficial neuromasts to oscillatory stimuli was found to be severely degraded in the presence of steady flow [25].…”

Section: Superficial Subsystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis for lateral-line-inspired sensor arrays

Fernández¹

2011

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The lateral line is a critical component of the fish sensory system, found to affect numerous aspects of behavior including maneuvering in complex fluid environments, schooling, prey tracking, and environment mapping. This sensory organ has no analog in modern ocean vehicles, despite its utility and ubiquity in nature, and could fill the gap left by sonar and vision systems in turbid cluttered environments. Yet, while the biological sensory system suggests the broad possibilities associated with such a sensor array, nearly nothing is known of the input processing and what information is available via the real lateral line. This thesis demonstrates and characterizes the ability of lateral-line-inspired linear pressure sensor arrays to perform two sensory tasks of relevance to biological and man-made underwater navigation systems, namely shape identification and vortex tracking.The ability of pressure sensor arrays to emulate the "touch at a distance" feature of the lateral line, corresponding to the latter's capability of identifying the shape of objects remotely, is examined with respect to moving cylinders of different cross sections. Using the pressure distribution on a small linear array, the position and size of a cylinder is tracked at various distances. The classification of cylinder shape is considered separately, using a large database of trials to identify two classification approaches: One based on differences in the mean flow, and one trained on a subset which utilizes information from the wake. The results indicate that it is in general possible to extract specific shape information from measurements on a linear pressure sensor array, and characterize the classes of shapes which are not distinguishable via this method.Identifying the vortices in a flow makes it possible to predict and optimize the performance of flapping foils, and to identify imminent stall in a control surface. Vortices in wakes also provide information about the object that generated the wake at distances much larger than the near-field pressure perturbations. Experimental studies in tracking a vortex pair and an individual vortex interacting with a flat plate demonstrate the ability to track vortices with a linear pressure sensor array from both small streamlined bodies and large flat bodies. Based on a theoretical analysis, the relationship between the necessary array parameters and the range of vortices of interest is established.

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“…1). A superficial neuromast is situated on the surface of the fish and responds in proportion to fluid velocity (3,4). In contrast, a canal neuromast is packaged in fluid-filled canals located beneath the surface of the skin and are commonly described as a detector of outside water acceleration that is proportional to the pressure gradient (1,(3)(4)(5)(6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A superficial neuromast is situated on the surface of the fish and responds in proportion to fluid velocity (3,4). In contrast, a canal neuromast is packaged in fluid-filled canals located beneath the surface of the skin and are commonly described as a detector of outside water acceleration that is proportional to the pressure gradient (1,(3)(4)(5)(6). As an integrated flow sensing system, such lateral lines form spatial-temporal images of nearby sources based on their hydrodynamic signatures (1,3,5) and provide mechanosensory guidance for many different behaviors, including synchronized swimming in schools, predator and obstacle avoidance, prey detection and tracking, rheotaxis, and holding station behind immersed obstacles in streams (4,7,8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distant touch hydrodynamic imaging with an artificial lateral line

Yang

Chen

Engel

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

164

154

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Nearly all underwater vehicles and surface ships today use sonar and vision for imaging and navigation. However, sonar and vision systems face various limitations, e.g., sonar blind zones, dark or murky environments, etc. Evolved over millions of years, fish use the lateral line, a distributed linear array of flow sensing organs, for underwater hydrodynamic imaging and information extraction. We demonstrate here a proof-of-concept artificial lateral line system. It enables a distant touch hydrodynamic imaging capability to critically augment sonar and vision systems. We show that the artificial lateral line can successfully perform dipole source localization and hydrodynamic wake detection. The development of the artificial lateral line is aimed at fundamentally enhancing human ability to detect, navigate, and survive in the underwater environment.dipole localization ͉ hot wire anemometer ͉ micromachining ͉ wake detection ͉ neuromast A lateral line is a spatially distributed system of flow sensors found on the body surface of fish (1) and aquatic amphibians (2). It is comprised of arrays of neuromasts, which can be classified into two types: superficial neuromasts and canal neuromasts (Fig. 1). A superficial neuromast is situated on the surface of the fish and responds in proportion to fluid velocity (3, 4). In contrast, a canal neuromast is packaged in fluid-filled canals located beneath the surface of the skin and are commonly described as a detector of outside water acceleration that is proportional to the pressure gradient (1, 3-6). As an integrated flow sensing system, such lateral lines form spatial-temporal images of nearby sources based on their hydrodynamic signatures (1, 3, 5) and provide mechanosensory guidance for many different behaviors, including synchronized swimming in schools, predator and obstacle avoidance, prey detection and tracking, rheotaxis, and holding station behind immersed obstacles in streams (4,7,8). This ''distant touch'' sense complements other sensory modalities, including vision and hearing, to increase survivability in unstructured environments. To date, there has never been an engineering equivalent of the fish lateral line system for underwater vehicles and platforms. The goal of the present research is to build an artificial lateral line that mimics the functional organization and imaging capabilities of the biological one. The artificial lateral line can facilitate fundamental studies of biological systems and provide unprecedented sensing and control functions to underwater vehicles and platforms. Specifically, we envision that the distant touch hydrodynamic imaging capability of the artificial lateral line can provide a new sense in addition to sonar and vision. In this article, we demonstrate the functions of an artificial lateral line under two biologically relevant scenarios: (i) localizing a moving target with flapping part (7, 9, 10) and (ii) imaging a hydrodynamic trail for prey capture (11,12). Development of the Artificial Lateral LineThe artificial lateral line ...

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Hydrodynamic stimuli and the fish lateral line

Cited by 236 publications

References 8 publications

Control of self-motion in dynamic fluids: fish do it differently from bees

Control of self-motion in dynamic fluids: fish do it differently from bees

Performance analysis for lateral-line-inspired sensor arrays

Distant touch hydrodynamic imaging with an artificial lateral line

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