Hydrodynamic regime of laser ablation of metals by ultrashort pulses of low fluence

Abstract

Metal ablation taking into account the hydrodynamics of a dense ablated material with ion temperature close to critical is considered. An extended two-temperature model taking into account hydrodynamic plasma expansion and degeneracy of the electron gas is developed. The new version of the RAPID code is used to perform calculations of ablation rates for several metal targets under conditions where the electron degeneracy is important.

Subpicosecond laser ablation of dental enamel

“…In a case where the absorbed laser energy is lower than the threshold energy for electrostatic ablation, the electrons transfer the energy to the lattice through electron-phonon interaction, and the ablation process occurs mainly after the laser pulse in a way similar to thermal laser ablation with longer pulses. 14,15 In actual practice, the spatial and temporal intensity distributions in the laser pulse result in a mixed interaction mode. However, at the laser intensity range above 10 13 W/cm 2 the proposed scaling leads to the electrostatic ablation mechanism, which then dominates in the lasermatter interaction process.…”