Hydrodynamic properties of ice-jam release waves in the Mackenzie Delta, Canada

Beltaos, Spyros

doi:10.1016/j.coldregions.2014.03.011

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…(1) determines the discharge related to a specific stage of a flood, a uniform onedimensional steady flow is modelled. Ice-jam-related floods (Beltaos, 2008(Beltaos, , 2014 cannot be quantified by the approach due to the temporal blockage of the channel as a reason for the flood level instead of an increased discharge.…”

Section: The Methods and Parameter Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of peak discharges of historical floods

Herget

Roggenkamp

Krell

2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. There is no doubt that the hazard assessment of future floods, especially under consideration of recent environmental change, can be significantly improved by the consideration of historic flood events. While flood frequency inventories on local, regional and even European scale have already been developed and published, the estimation of their magnitudes indicated by discharges is still challenging. Such data are required due to significant human impacts on river channels and floodplains, though historic flood levels cannot be related to recent ones or recent discharges. Based on experiences from single local key studies, we present the general outline of an approach to estimate the discharge of the previous flood based on handed-down flood level and topographic data. The model for one-dimensional steady flow is based on the empirical Manning equation for the mean flow velocity. Background and potential sources of information, acceptable simplifications and data transformation for each element of the model equation are explained and discussed. Preliminary experiences regarding the accuracy of ±10 % are documented, and potential approaches for the validation of individual estimations are given. A brief discussion of benefits and limitations, including a generalized statement on alternative approaches, concludes the review of the approach.

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Section: The Methods and Parameter Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of peak discharges of historical floods

Herget

Roggenkamp

Krell

2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Ice-jam releases can be quite detrimental to flood-prone areas for a number of reasons. The water wave and running ice accumulation created by the release of impounded water and ice can travel at high velocities of up to almost 11 m/s [1,2] leading to high rates of water level rise with very little notice in high flood risk areas. This is particularly difficult for emergency measure coordination when evacuations in such high flood hazard areas are required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nafziger et al [10] studied the effects of ice runs in sequence along the Hay River and paid particular attention to the changes in shape and celerity of water wave and ice run hydrographs. Beltaos [1] investigated ice-jam release waves in the lower Mackenzie River and the upper channels of the river's delta. Shen et al [11] applied the model DynaRICE, a two-dimensional flow and ice model, to study the behaviour of ice-jam releases and highlighted the importance of upstream flood waves in instigating ice-jam releases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar Scatter Decomposition to Differentiate between Running Ice Accumulations and Intact Ice Covers along Rivers

2019

Remote Sensing

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For ice-jam flood forecasting it is important to differentiate between intact ice covers and ice runs. Ice runs consist of long accumulations of rubble ice that stem from broken up ice covers or ice-jams that have released. A water wave generally travels ahead of the ice run at a faster celerity, arriving at the potentially high flood–risk area much sooner than the ice accumulation. Hence, a rapid detection of the ice run is necessary to lengthen response times for flood mitigation. Intact ice covers are stationary and hence are not an immediate threat to a downstream flood situation, allowing more time for flood preparedness. However, once ice accumulations are moving and potentially pose imminent impacts to flooding, flood response may have to switch from a mitigation to an evacuation mode of the flood management plan. Ice runs are generally observed, often by chance, through ground observations or airborne surveys. In this technical note, we introduce a novel method of differentiating ice runs from intact ice covers using imagery acquired from space-borne radar backscatter signals. The signals are decomposed into different scatter components—surface scattering, volume scattering and double-bounce—the ratios of one to another allow differentiation between intact and running ice. The method is demonstrated for the breakup season of spring 2018 along the Athabasca River, when an ice run shoved into an intact ice cover which led to some flooding in Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada.

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“…The approach of flood frequency analysis based on gauged flood events is well established, although the serious problem of statistical unsteadiness of data sets has to be dealt with (e.g. Benito and Thorndycraft, 2005;Kidson and Richards, 2005;Savenije, 1995). By adding a significantly increased number of large flood events before the period of instrumental gauging, these data sets can be enhanced considerably (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By adding a significantly increased number of large flood events before the period of instrumental gauging, these data sets can be enhanced considerably (e.g. Witte et al, 1995;Benito and Thorndycraft, 2005). Direct utilization of these stage records in order to predict actual flood discharges is impossible due to frequent, mainly anthropogenic, modification of channels and nearby floodplains since historic times (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of peak discharges of historical floods

Herget¹,

Roggenkamp²,

Krell³

2014

Preprint

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Abstract. There is no doubt, that the hazard assessment of future floods especially under consideration of the recent environmental change can be significantly improved by the consideration of historic flood events. While flood frequency inventories on local, regional and even European scale are already developed and published, the estimation of their magnitudes indicated by discharges is still challenging. Such data are required due to significant human impact on river channels and floodplains though historic flood levels cannot be related to recent ones or recent discharges. Based on own experiences from single local key studies the general outline of an approach to estimate the discharge of the previous flood based on handed down flood level and topographic data is presented. The model for one-dimensional steady flow is based on the empirical Manning equation for the mean flow velocity. Background and potential sources of information, acceptable simplifications and data transformation for each element of the model-equation are explained and discussed. Preliminary experiences on the accuracy of ±10% are documented and potential approaches for the validation of individual estimations given. A brief discussion on benefits and limitations including a generalized statement on alternative approaches closes the review presentation of the approach.

show abstract

Hydrodynamic properties of ice-jam release waves in the Mackenzie Delta, Canada

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Estimation of peak discharges of historical floods

Estimation of peak discharges of historical floods

Radar Scatter Decomposition to Differentiate between Running Ice Accumulations and Intact Ice Covers along Rivers

Estimation of peak discharges of historical floods

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