Hydrodynamic Modulation Methods in Electrochemistry

Williams, David E.; Macpherson, Julie V.

doi:10.1016/s0069-8040(99)80015-6

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…The investigation of the characteristics of a pulsating jet [1][2][3] for hydrodynamic modulated voltammetry (HMV) [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] applications has been reported in a number of previous articles. In brief, the apparatus (an inverted funnel and a narrow (~ 2 mm in diameter) jet orifice, produces a reproducible hydrodynamic pulse of liquid which can, in combination with electrochemical apparatus, be useful.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the spatial mass transfer behaviour of a pulsating jet HMV system – Vortex generation and characterisation

Birkin

Kuleshova

Elliott

2013

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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The flow patterns generated by a pulsating jet used to study hydrodynamic modulated voltammetry (HMV) are investigated. It is shown that the pronounced edge effect reported previously is the result of the generation of a vortex ring from the pulsating jet. This vortex behaviour of the pulsating jet system is imaged using a number of visualisation techniques. These include a dye system and an electrochemically generated bubble stream. In each case a toroidal vortex ring was observed. Image analysis revealed that the velocity of this motion was of the order of 250 mm s -1 with a corresponding Reynolds number of the order of 1200. This motion, in conjunction with the electrode structure, is used to explain the strong 'ring and halo' features detected by electrochemical mapping of the system reported previously.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the spatial mass transfer behaviour of a pulsating jet HMV system – Vortex generation and characterisation

Birkin

Kuleshova

Elliott

2013

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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“…Hydrodynamic modulation voltammetry (HMV) involves the periodic modulation of mass transport to an electrode surface, [1] and is usually combined with phase-sensitive detection methods to extract the current component at the frequency of the perturbation of mass transport. This general approach enables the transport-controlled component of a current signal to be separated from background processes, which can include solvent decomposition and electrode surface reactions, among other factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This general approach enables the transport-controlled component of a current signal to be separated from background processes, which can include solvent decomposition and electrode surface reactions, among other factors. HMV is thus recognised as an attractive option for extending detection limits and increasing the potential window of a solvent [1,2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vibration of a wire or a band electrode has also proved effective for modulating mass transport and measuring low concentrations [1,3,7]. By vibrating a wire electrode (diameter 25 mm), held under voltammetric control, at frequencies in the range 80 ± 160 Hz, detection limits down to 1 Â 10 À8 M for ferrocene have been achieved [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flow-through electrochemical cells offer many desirable features such as low sample consumption, the possibility of rapid multi-sample analysis, and on-line detection [10]. Modulation of the solution flow rate has improved concentration detection limits, and enhanced the stability of the electrode response in flow systems [1,3]. Initial measurements in channel or tubular electrodes, involved measuring the difference in steady-state current between a maximum and a minimum (in some cases zero) flow rate [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrodynamic Modulation Voltammetry with a Dual Disk Chopped Flow‐Microjet Electrode (CF‐MJE)

Simjee¹,

Unwin²,

Macpherson³

2003

Electroanalysis

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A novel form of hydrodynamic modulation voltammetry (HMV) is described, based on the periodic variation of mass transport in a microjet electrode (MJE) system, in combination with phase-sensitive detection techniques. In the configuration developed, a jet of solution is fired from a nozzle that is aligned directly over the surface of a dual disk Pt-Pt ultramicroelectrode (UME). The potential at each electrode is controlled separately. A rotating blade, positioned between the nozzle and the UME probe, is used to periodically interrupt flow to the electrode surface, resulting in modulation of the overall mass transfer rate between two defined extremes. The use of a dual disk UME enables two transport-limited current signals to be recorded simultaneously, one for the analyte of interest, and the other for a −reference species× (oxygen for the studies described herein). The latter current response corresponds to the variation in mass transport rate in the chopped flow (CF) arrangement and is used as the signal for phase sensitive detection of the analyte current. Studies of potassium hexachloroiridate (III) [IrCl 3À 6 ] oxidation in aqueous solution are used to demonstrate the capabilities of the technique. HMV in the CF-MJE arrangement allows quantitative concentration measurements, down to at least 5 Â 10 À7 M.

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Microelectrode Applications

Forster¹,

Keyes²

2007

Handbook of Electrochemistry

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Hydrodynamic Modulation Methods in Electrochemistry

Cited by 12 publications

References 101 publications

Understanding the spatial mass transfer behaviour of a pulsating jet HMV system – Vortex generation and characterisation

Understanding the spatial mass transfer behaviour of a pulsating jet HMV system – Vortex generation and characterisation

Hydrodynamic Modulation Voltammetry with a Dual Disk Chopped Flow‐Microjet Electrode (CF‐MJE)

Microelectrode Applications

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