Hydrocracking Science and Technology

Scherzer, Julius; Gruia, Adrian

doi:10.1201/9781482233889

Cited by 251 publications

(244 citation statements)

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“…The feedstock was a pre-treated vacuum gas oil with the following properties: density = 0.91 g/cm 3 , S content = 43 ppm, N content = 25 ppm, and aniline point = 79.9°C. The catalysts were placed in a stainless-steel tubular reaction system (Parr Instruments).…”

Section: Hydrocracking Activity Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of steam-calcination and acid leaching treatment on the VGO hydrocracking performance of faujasite zeolite

Agudelo

Hensen

Giraldo

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

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Section: Hydrocracking Activity Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this technology the catalyst plays a key role in determining the product distribution [3]. Hydrocracking reactions are catalyzed by acid and metal functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of steam-calcination and acid leaching treatment on the VGO hydrocracking performance of faujasite zeolite

Agudelo

Hensen

Giraldo

et al. 2015

Fuel Processing Technology

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“…9,12 The cracking process also forms higher amount of carbonaceous deposits or coke on catalyst surface, which can deactivate the catalyst more rapidly. 12,13 In the catalytic reforming of heavy-gas feedstocks of crude oil, long-chain linear alkanes are isomerized using bifunctional catalysts, which typically contain both hydrogenation/dehydrogenation sites and acidic sites. Commonly used bifunctional catalysts are platinum or palladium containing solid acids such as zeolites, aluminas or aluminosilicates, and silicoaluminophosphates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroisomerization of n-hexadecane: remarkable selectivity of mesoporous silica post-synthetically modified with aluminum

Sabyrov

Musselwhite

Melaet

et al. 2017

Catal. Sci. Technol.

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As the impact of acids on catalytically driven chemical transformations is tremendous, fundamental understanding of catalytically relevant factors is essential for the design of more efficient solid acid catalysts. In this work, we employed post-synthetic doping method to synthesize highly selective hydroisomerization catalyst and to demonstrate the effect of acid strength and density, catalyst microstructure, and platinum nanoparticle size on reaction rate and selectivity. Aluminum doped mesoporous silica catalyzed gas-phase n-hexadecane isomerization with remarkably high selectivity, producing substantially higher amount of isomers than traditional zeolite catalysts. The main reason for its high selectivity was found to be mild acidic sites generated by post-synthetic aluminum grafting. The flexibility of post-synthetic doping method enabled us to systematically explore the effect of acid site density on reaction rate and selectivity, which has been extremely difficult to achieve with zeolite catalysts. We found that higher density of Brønsted acid sites leads to higher cracking of n-hexadecane presumably due to increased surface residence time. Furthermore, regardless of pore size and microstructure, hydroisomerization turnover frequency linearly increased as a function of Brønsted acid site density. In addition to strength and density of acid sites, platinum nanoparticle size affected catalytic activity and selectivity. Smallest platinum nanoparticles produced the most effective bifunctional catalyst presumably because of higher percolation into aluminum doped mesoporous silica, generating more 'intimate' metallic and acidic sites. Finally, aluminum doped 2 silica catalyst was shown to retain its remarkable selectivity towards isomers even at increased reaction conversions.

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“…The fluid catalytic cracking and hydrocracking units convert higher-molecularweight hydrocarbons to lighter ones suitable for gasoline, light fuel oils, olefins, and other uses [14]. Zeolite Y with Si/Al = 2.5 -3 stability is increased by ion exchange with rare earth cations [15] ZSM -5 with pore size ≈ 1.2 nm was reported to have a high reaction selectivity for n-alkanes cracking over acidic centers by forming a secondary or tertiary carbonium ions from a beta C-C bond.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A physicochemical discussion about the meaning of octane number on the molecular level, however, did not go beyond some empirical rules:  ON increases with the number of tertiary and quaternary carbon atoms [2,6] respectively it increases with the number of methyl groups. [13][14][15]  It decreases with the total number of carbon atoms [2,6] respectively with the length of the chain [13-15]  ON gets larger as the branching point is moving toward the center of the longest chain in the alkane molecule [6]. Zeolites are micro-porous crystalline solids with well-defined structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement the Octane Number of Sudanese Gasoline (Nile Blend)

Osman

Duaij

Taha

2015

ILCPA

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Gasoline is one of most important sources of energy but when manufactured with low octane number may leave great risk that affect the human health and environment impact. Therefore processes of gasoline production must be developed. Zeolite material dependence on their extremely high frame work extended interactive surface, ability to interact with molecule and cations. They show a wide variety of interesting properties which result in remarkable applications in the fields of catalysts, gas separations, selective adsorption and water softening. Zeolite catalyst loaded with finely (Sr) metal have been used in hydro-cracking, catalytic cracking. The zeolite used is the synthetic zeolite (type Y) has high thermal stability, good surface area and its heterogeneous catalyst which can be separated after treatment and may be reactivated. The study of the octane number was carried out for this zeolite. The gasoline was obtained from market (commercial gasoline) it has octane number 91.7 determined by IROX-2000.The gasoline was treated by zeolite in the temperature about 331 Kelvin. The synthetic zeolite (type-Y) raised the octane number (from 91.7 to 92.4).

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Hydrocracking Science and Technology

Cited by 251 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of steam-calcination and acid leaching treatment on the VGO hydrocracking performance of faujasite zeolite

Influence of steam-calcination and acid leaching treatment on the VGO hydrocracking performance of faujasite zeolite

Hydroisomerization of n-hexadecane: remarkable selectivity of mesoporous silica post-synthetically modified with aluminum

Enhancement the Octane Number of Sudanese Gasoline (Nile Blend)

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