Hydroconversion of heavy residues in slurry reactors: Developments and perspectives

Ionic liquid assisted hydrothermal synthesis of MoS2 double-shell polyhedral cages with enhanced catalytic hydrogenation activities

“…9,16,17 In a slurry-phase reactor lled with hydrogen, all the reactants and catalysts are well-mixed and the temperature distribution is highly homogeneous under vigorous stirring. It's worth noting that only a small amount of catalyst is added into the slurry bed reactor owing to its one-through operation.…”

Study of NiMoS mixed phase from catalyst precursors in residue slurry-bed hydrocracking

“…Main technology aims of slurry bed process is to convert heavy oil feeds to distillates suitable for use as transportation fuels, to avoid the production of undesirable low-quality side products such as coke or fuel oil [19]. The molecules in VR are larger molecular weight and complex aromatic structures containing high concentrations of heteroatoms, these structural characteristics often cause severe problems in the hydrocracking process of heavy oil.…”

Promotion effects with dispersed catalysts for residue slurry hydroconversion

“…heavy residues that are subsequently obtained by processing of heavy crudes. Several processes that convert these heavy feeds into lighter ones using different types of technologies are proposed [4][5][6][7][8]. An industrial plant using the slurry technology is at the start up phase (Eni Slurry Technology, 23,000 bpd, Sannazarro, Italy).…”

“…Similarly to conventional hydrotreating catalysis, synergistic or cooperative effects might be observed when the precursors of different metals are combined. Thus, NiMo and CoMo combinations have been evaluated starting from Mo, Ni and Co naphtenates [10,14] or phosphonic precursors [11] and slight synergy effects (or almost no effects [7]) were observed noticeably in terms of hydrodesulfurization or hydroconversion. Mo oil soluble precursor combined with a Fe water soluble precursor also exhibited some synergy effects [15].…”

“…Rezaei and Smith observed by XRD the presence of both nickel and vanadium sulfides, deposited on coke, after processing a Cold Lake vacuum residue with a Mo based catalyst [16]. Using the combination of Ni and Mo precursors, Belussi et al [7] characterized on the used catalyst by TEM large particles of Ni x S y particles acting as supports of MoS 2 slabs.…”