Hydrochemical assessments of surface Nile water and ground water in an industry area – South West Cairo

Impact of heavy metals on Oreochromis niloticus fish and using Electrophoresis as Bio-indicator for environmental pollution of Rosetta branch, River Nile, Egypt

“…The low concentration of manganese may be attributed to oxidation of Mn 2+ to solid MnO2 which precipitates to the sediment layer. 23 El-Qatta station showed higher value than the permissible 20 level (0.050 mg L -1 ) as observed in Figure 5. The seasonal average values of zinc concentrations in water vary between the maximum value of 0.155 mg L -1 at El-Qatta during winter and a minimum value of 0.059 mg L -1 at El-Qanater El-Khyria during summer.…”

“…The low iron content in spring is possibly due to the consumption of iron by phytoplankton 21 and oxidation of Fe 2+ to Fe 3+ and subsequent precipitation as hydroxide at high dissolved oxygen content, 22 whereas, the high value of iron concentration at station II during winter may be ascribed to the breakdown of organic matter and dead microorganisms that releases the metal into water. 23 Finally, the increasing of iron may be due to the small water level during the drought period and discharge of effluent from El-Rahawy drain which is loaded with agriculture and domestic sewage. 24 Copper values in the investigated area varied in the range of 0.016 -0.021, 0.010-0.017, 0.009-0.018 and 0.010 -0.020 mg L -1 during winter season, spring season, summer season and autumn season, respectively, ( Figure 3), which are higher than the permissible level (0.010 mg L -1 ) according to Egyptian Standards of the Environmental Laws no.…”

Evaluating Physicochemical Parameters, Heavy Metals, and Antibiotics in the Influents and Final Effluents of South African Wastewater Treatment Plants

“…Copper concentrations were below the WHO limit, ranging from 0.054 to 0.152 mg L -1 in the final effluents. The maximum permissible limit by WHO is (2.0 mg L -1 ), which confirmed that Cu plays an important role in chemical and biological processes in the environment and that excessive exposure could lead to health hazards [22]. Copper enters the water system via mineral dissolution and industrial effluents, since it is used as algaecide and insecticide, and through corrosion of copper alloy water distribution pipes.…”

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Water Quality Assessment of Surface Water at Xiahe County in Tibetan Plateau Pastoral of China

“…According to the WHO [65] standard guidelines for the pH values for drinking water from 6.5 to 8.5 and that of irrigation water is in the range of 6.5-8.4 [41] .Accordingly most of the surface water samples have pH values from 7.16 to 8.65 indicating the suitability for drinking and irrigation.…”

“…The water quality parameters monitored each water sample includes, turbidity, COD, pH, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, ammonia, nitrate, fluoride, EC, etc. Along with the on-site measurement of the pH and conductivity was done due to expected change in the measurement during the process transport and storage [38][39][40][41] , Analytical methods and parameters summarized in Table 1 are based on standard methods founded for surface water monitoring in China [42] .…”