Hydrochemical Assessment of Water Used for Agricultural Soil Irrigation in the Water Area of the Three Morava Rivers in the Republic of Serbia

Pivić, Radmila; Maksimović, Jelena; Dinić, Zoran; Jaramaz, Darko; Majstorović, Helena; Stanojković-Sebić, Aleksandra

doi:10.3390/agronomy12051177

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The 17 water samples were analysed hydrochemically using Stiff [85] and Piper [86] diagrams to characterise the waters using as a reference the soluble anions (CO 3 2− , HCO 3− , Cl − and SO 4 2− ) and cations (Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ ) [87]. The Stiff diagram was used to identify the water composition regarding cations and anions, with the concentration in %mg/L [88].…”

Section: (B) Hydrochemical Analysis Of Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Quality from Natural Sources for Sustainable Agricultural Development Strategies: Galapagos, Ecuador

Carrión-Mero,

Morante-Carballo,

Briones-Bitar

et al. 2024

Water

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Water is an essential element for agricultural sustainability. In volcanic islands, freshwater sources are limited, challenging the local farming water supply. Rainfall dependence in the Galapagos Islands limits continuous agriculture, and despite using natural water sources, their irrigation quality is little known. This study aimed to carry out a control–diagnosis of irrigation water quality of the natural sources of the four agrarian islands of the Galapagos, considering water quality parameters for the proposal of sustainability strategies in the water and agricultural context. The workflow included (i) freshwater supply situation diagnosis, (ii) physicochemical parameters measurement and hydrochemical characterisation, and (iii) irrigation analysis and sustainability strategies configuration. Results indicated that of the 34 sources analysed, 55.88% are suitable for irrigation and are located in San Cristobal and Santa Cruz. The remaining 44.12% showed problems with parameters such as faecal coliforms, salinity, metals, carbonates, BOD5, and COD above the national permitted limits. Six strategies for water and agricultural sustainability are proposed, including periodic water monitoring, academy–government–community projects, community water board creation, water sowing and harvesting systems, effective management of effluent, and agricultural strengthening. The study guides comprehensive hydric management initiatives to benefit agrarian development and food security, aligning with SDGs 2 and 6.

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Section: (B) Hydrochemical Analysis Of Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Quality from Natural Sources for Sustainable Agricultural Development Strategies: Galapagos, Ecuador

Carrión-Mero,

Morante-Carballo,

Briones-Bitar

et al. 2024

Water

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“…A Doneen plot of total concentration was made for both rivers under consideration as seen in Figure 6 [3,55]. A prolonged application of water which is rich in Ca 2+ , HCO 3 − , Mg 2+ , and Na + affects soil permeability.…”

Section: Ion Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a bid to find out the suitability of water, the Doneen plot used the PI and classified irrigation water in three different classes: Class-I, Class-II, and Class-III. Only Class-I and -II types of water are suitable for irrigation [3,[55][56][57]. From the plot below, 100% of water samples from both the River Karawa and River Iyiaji fell under Class-I.…”

Section: Ion Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This means that the water from both rivers is suitable for irrigation purposes having a maximum permeability value over 75%. A Doneen plot of total concentration was made for both rivers under consideration as seen in Figure 6 [3,55]. A prolonged application of water which is rich in Ca 2+ , HCO3 − , Mg 2+ , and Na + affects soil permeability.…”

Section: Ion Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the Hydrochemistry, Scaling and Corrosivity Tendencies, and Irrigation Suitability of the Water of the Rivers Karawa and Iyiaji

Alum,

Abugu,

Onwujiogu

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Assessing water quality is necessary to ascertain its viability for domestic, industrial, and agricultural purposes. A total of 48 water samples were, respectively, drawn from the Rivers Karawa and Iyiaji located in Ezeagu and Uzo-uwani which are typical rural areas in Enugu State, Nigeria. These samples were taken in two seasons (early rainy season and late dry season). Physicochemical properties were determined using standard methods. The scaling and corrosivity potentials of the water were evaluated using the Larson-Skold index, aggressive index, Puckorius scaling index, and Ryznar stability index models. Additionally, seven irrigation evaluation criteria, as well as spatial distribution maps, were used to determine the suitability of the river waters for irrigation purposes and to interpolate the spatial distribution of the river water quality parameters. Major ion chemistry was used in the assessments. The physicochemical properties of river waters fell within the recommended standard values. However, NO3- greatly exceeded the recommended range in both rivers. The cations and anions from River Karawa were Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ > Na+ and NO3− > Cl− > SO42− > HCO3− > CO3− > PO4−, while those from River Iyiaji were Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ > K+ and Cl− > SO42− >NO3− > PO4− > HCO3− > CO3−. A piper plot showed the predominance of Ca2+ and Mg+, as well as SO42− and Cl−, in both rivers. The seven irrigation assessment indices indicated that the water of the Rivers Karawa and Iyiaji is suitable for irrigation purposes. In addition, the scaling and corrosivity models predicted that the river waters have high scaling and corrosivity potentials. Specifically, while the aggressive index suggested that it is severely corrosive, the Langelier saturation index suggested that the water from both rivers is supersaturated and, thus, has potential to scale.

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“…IWQI defines irrigation water quality as a single number, eliminating the requirement for huge data intervals. IWQI compares water quality measurements to criteria 21 . The irrigation water quality index is calculated using water consumption restrictions for each soil type.…”

Section: Irrigation Water Quality Index (Iwqi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of waste and well water quality for agriculture production around Erbil city, Iraq

Youni

Darwesh

2023

Baghdad Sci.J

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Erbil city is located in the northern Iraq with a population of over one million people. Due to water crises farmers usually use wastewater and well water for the agricultural production. In this study six stations were designed to sample waste water and three from well water to define waste water and ground water characteristics. In this study, Residual Na+ Carbonate, Mg++ hazard, salinity hazard, Kelley index, %sodium, total hardness, permeability index, potential salinity, sodium adsorption ratio, and Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) were determined. The order of average cation concentrations in water was Mg2+> Ca2+ > Na+ > K+. While the proportion of main anions in water were HCO3 >SO4 > Cl. The highest concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ were found in well water, while the highest concentration of K+ was found in wastewater. The maximum concentration of HCO3 and Cl recorded in well water, while the highest concentration SO4 recorded in wastewater. Moreover, the order of trace elements was Pb > Al > Fe > Cd > As > Mn >Cr > Ag > Ni. Keeping in mind metal concentration set by US EPA and FAO (1999) and (1994) guidelines the levels of Pb, Al, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ag and Ni in the waste and well water were within the admissible limitations for irrigation schemes. Moreover, limitations of As and Cd were beyond permissible limitation need to be reduced. The IWQI ranged from 88.92 to 95.09 in the waste water samples. Overall assessment reveals that cultivated agriculture plants were secured from toxic compounds.

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Hydrochemical Assessment of Water Used for Agricultural Soil Irrigation in the Water Area of the Three Morava Rivers in the Republic of Serbia

Cited by 14 publications

References 75 publications

Water Quality from Natural Sources for Sustainable Agricultural Development Strategies: Galapagos, Ecuador

Water Quality from Natural Sources for Sustainable Agricultural Development Strategies: Galapagos, Ecuador

Characterization of the Hydrochemistry, Scaling and Corrosivity Tendencies, and Irrigation Suitability of the Water of the Rivers Karawa and Iyiaji

An evaluation of waste and well water quality for agriculture production around Erbil city, Iraq

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