Hydrocarbons in the marine environment

Mackie, P. R.; Whittle, K. J.; Hardy, R.

doi:10.1016/0302-3524(74)90005-x

Cited by 36 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…n-Alkanes consists of odd and even carbon atom numbers, where the odd carbon numbers are dominant in organic matter from plants and the even carbon numbers are derived from bacterial sources (Bray and Evan, 1961;Mackie et al, 1974;Dembicki et al, 1976;Nishimura and Baker, 1986;Grimalt and Albaiges, 1987;Simoneit, 1989;Guerra-García et al, 2003;Ekpo et al, 2005;Rushdi et al, 2006aRushdi et al, , 2019Wang et al 2010;Fagbote and Olanipekun 2013;Li et al 2018;Stout 2020). The long-chain n-alkanes (nC 25 -nC 35 ) are molecular markers for most of the higher plant inputs and the short-chain n-alkanes (nC 15 -nC 20 ) are indicators of marine phytoplankton sources (Blumer et al, 1971;Duan, 2000;Commendatore and Esteves, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and apportionment of aliphatic hydrocarbons in freshwater fish species from Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq

Al-Ali¹,

Alkhion²,

Al‐Saad³

et al. 2022

EEC

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Aliphatic hydrocarbon n-alkanes, pristane (Pr), and phytane (Ph) were determined in the tissues of sixeconomic freshwater fish species (Luciobarbus xanthopterus, Ctenophyngodonidella, Cyprinus carpio, Tilapia zillii, Palanizaabu, and Leuciscus vorax) collected from the Shatt Al-Arab river. They were analyzed bycapillary gas chromatography - flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The carbon chain lengths of n-alkanesin the fish tissue samples ranged from nC13 to nC36. The highest concentration of the total n-alkanes wasdetected in the filter feeder P. abu tissue (23.14Î¼g/g dry weight) and the lowest concentration was in theomnivorous C. carpio tissue (3.76 Î¼g/g dry weight). The major sources of the n-alkanes, pristanes, andphytanes were from petroleum hydrocarbons based on the results of the molecular biomarker indices andthe ratios of CPI (carbon preference index), Pr/Ph, LMW/HMW (total nC13-C24/total nC25-nC36), nC17/Pr,and nC18/Ph. The percentage of n-alkanes from petroleum related-products ranged from 83.2% to 94.8%,whereas the natural biogenic sources were in the order of bacterial (3.7-11.7%) > higher plant wax (0.0-9.1%) > algal (0.1-1.2%) sources. The occasion of high fractions of n-alkanes and isoprenoids from petroleumhydrocarbons in these fish tissues indicated that the foster habitats were highly contaminated by crude oil.Further studies are required to investigate the bioaccumulation of other anthropogenic contaminants suchas plasticizers, pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons fresh-water organisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and apportionment of aliphatic hydrocarbons in freshwater fish species from Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq

Al-Ali¹,

Alkhion²,

Al‐Saad³

et al. 2022

EEC

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“…There have been numerous studies in which the uptake of petroleum by organisms has been monitored by the use of gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) (e.g., Ehrhardt, 1972;Burns and Teal, 1973;Clark,and Finley, 1973;Stegeman and Teal, 1973;Clark et al, 1974;Mackie et al, 1974;Fossato, 1975). In general the experiments have been of two different types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of correlation between gas-liquid chromatograph and UV absorption indicators of petroleum pollution in organisms

Zsolnay

1978

Water Air Soil Pollut

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An attempt was made to see if simple liquid-solid chromatography with a UV absorption detector could be used to monitor non-point source petroleum pollution in organisms instead of gas-liquid chromatography (GLC), Petroleum derived material in nine algal communities and in 10 invertebrate populations on the rocky shores of Bermuda was analyzed by both methods.No significant linear or logarithmic relationship was found between the results obtained by the two different methods. Therefore it was decided that UV absorption measurements could not be used for monitoring non-point source petroleum pollution.There was a very significant correlation (r=0.99) between the area of the unresolved envelope of the chromatograms and the total amount of petrogenic hydrocarbons (PHC) found by GLC. This relationship was found to be valid in the range of 2.5 ~tg to 315 ~tg PHC per g of tissue (wet weight). Therefore in a monitoring program it should be sufficient to measure the unresolved envelope alone without the need of determining the total PHC content.Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 9 (1978) 45-51. A H Rights Reserved

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