Hydrocarbon saturation in upper Wolfcamp shale formation

Tathed, Pratiksha; Ying, Han; Misra, Siddharth

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.01.116

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In order to show the advantages of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm is used to inverse parameters for comparison. LM algorithm is a traditional inversion method and is widely used to inverse reservoir parameters (Han & Misra, 2018; Tathed et al., 2018a, 2018b). In this section, we synthesize four permittivity logs and four conductivity logs at four frequencies by assuming reservoir properties close to the Chang 8 member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China (Zhao et al., 2022).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revised models for evaluating hydrocarbon saturation of tight sandstone formations based on dielectric dispersion logs

Wang,

Liao,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Geophysical Prospecting

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Accurate estimation of hydrocarbon saturation is significant for log interpreters to evaluate tight sandstone formations. It is difficult to use conventional wireline logs to calculate hydrocarbon saturation in complex reservoirs. Dielectric dispersion logs are processed using dielectric models to obtain accurate saturation assessment, especially in high salinity shaly sand formations. However, the dielectric models consist of complex refractive index method model and shaly sand model ignore the impact of clay effects on complex refractive index method model, and the dielectric dispersion logs generated by them appear several unphysical phenomena in the clay‐bearing formations, such as the permittivity data at the highest frequency are greater than those at the second highest frequency and the conductivity data at the highest frequency are lower than those at the second highest frequency. This paper modifies the dielectric models by introducing a combined conductive phase in complex refractive index method model to correct the unphysical behaviors. Revised models are combined with four permittivity and four conductivity logs acquired by Dielectric Scanner at 24, 102, 360, and 960MHz to inverse the water saturation, water salinity, textural index for water‐bearing pore, and fraction of clay‐related phase. The complex refractive index method model interprets the logs measured at 960MHz and shaly sand model interprets other dielectric dispersion logs. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to search inversion parameters. The results of forward simulation show that the revised models can correct unphysical behaviors of dielectric dispersion logs generated by the original models. Moreover, we apply original models and revised models to laboratory core data. The results of experiments show that the mean relative error values of the original models are 19.38% and 23.60% and of the revised models are 5.54% and 6.28% in two cases. It shows that the revised models are more accurate than the original models to interpret dielectric dispersion logs of tight sandstone reservoirs.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revised models for evaluating hydrocarbon saturation of tight sandstone formations based on dielectric dispersion logs

Wang,

Liao,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Geophysical Prospecting

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“…For shale oil samples, there is a critical threshold for hydrocarbon molecules to flow, and the volume increase of pores larger than the threshold is conducive to fluid migration. 60,61 The PSD of the Z22-25 sample shows that there are two obvious peaks of pore-fracture generation, one peak (>1 μm) at 200 °C and the other peak (10−100 nm) at 500 °C, after the samples absorb the microwave energy. It is worth noting that the peak (10−100 nm) at 500 °C also appeared in the microwave-treated samples TY1-14 and JY190-15.…”

Section: Effect Of Microwave Treatment Time (Temperature)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Microwave Irradiation Stimulation to Enhance the Pore Connectivity of Shale

et al. 2021

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Microwave irradiation stimulation is proposed as a new approach to improve shale oil and gas recovery. Since shale oil and gas recovery is controlled by pore connectivity, this work investigated the effects of microwave irradiation on the pore connectivity of shales with different maturities. In this study, we first characterized the initial pore connectivity of shale samples by the combination of (ultra) small-angle neutron scattering and mercury injection capillary pressure. Then, (ultra) small-angle neutron scattering results were used to compare the pore size distribution of shale samples under different microwave treatment times. The experiment results show that microwave treatment can reduce fine pore networks (<10 nm) and form large pore-fracture systems (>10 nm) for shale oil samples. In addition, the number density of pores for shale gas samples exhibited a decreasing trend with the time of the microwave treatment, indicating that many pores expanded and connected. Therefore, microwave irradiation stimulation can improve the pore connectivity and create new flow paths for oil and gas from the shale matrix to the fracture system. Meanwhile, the high content of pyrite and clay will enhance the microwave adsorption ability of shale. This study establishes the environmentally friendly microwave irradiation used in tandem with hydraulic fracturing as an efficient method of improving shale oil and gas recovery.

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“…Another limitation of the conventional method for calculating water saturation is that the resistivity logging tool cannot differentiate water from hydrocarbon when the water is less conductive (or lower salinity). This issue becomes more problematic when we work on unconventional reservoir due to clay bound water (Cho et al [4,5], Kadkhodaie and Rezaee [6], Sotelo et al [7], and Tathed et al [8]). As an alternative, for last decade, the measurement of dielectric permittivity has been gaining attention in the oil and gas industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Water Saturation in Shale Formation Using In Situ Multifrequency Dielectric Permittivity

et al. 2022

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Estimating water saturation via conventional logging tool such as resistivity cannot provide an accurate solution in a formation with low conductivity water and tight porosity. As an alternative, we employed a dielectric permittivity, which makes it easy to differentiate the water from the other fluids in pore structures. A multichannel frequency dielectric logging tool is used for measuring in situ permittivity. To simulate a dielectric permittivity, we used two analytic models: Lichtenecker-Rother (LR) and Stroud-Milton-De (SMD) models. The key goal of this research is to propose a workflow to evaluate an equivalent Archie’s parameter which can generate the same dielectric logging tool responses with core measurement results using a given analytic models. According to the results of the LR model curve-fitting, the estimated Archie’s parameter shows inversely proportional relationship with clay volumes. The estimated Archie’s parameter from the SMD model is sensitive to the lower frequency channels of the multifrequency dielectric logging tool. Nevertheless, utilizing the response of the dielectric logging tool in the frequency range, where interfacial polarization effect does not exist, can provide an alternative to estimate water saturation in shale formations with relatively less conductive waters.

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Hydrocarbon saturation in upper Wolfcamp shale formation

Cited by 29 publications

References 15 publications

Revised models for evaluating hydrocarbon saturation of tight sandstone formations based on dielectric dispersion logs

Revised models for evaluating hydrocarbon saturation of tight sandstone formations based on dielectric dispersion logs

Investigation of Microwave Irradiation Stimulation to Enhance the Pore Connectivity of Shale

Estimation of Water Saturation in Shale Formation Using In Situ Multifrequency Dielectric Permittivity

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