. Can. J. Chem. 60, 2137 (1982). A new structural phase change at -60°C and atmospheric pressure was observed in the gel phase of aqueous DMPC dispersions. This gel-gel phase transition exhibits first-order characteristics and is equivalent to the phase transition observed at 2.6 kbar and 30°C. The decrease in temperature has analogous effects on the ordering of the acyl chains in DMPC as has the increase in pressure. The rigid interchain reorientational fluctuations in the gel phase are gradually damped with decreasing temperature and below -60°C the interchain orientation becomes highly ordered. On a observe un nouveau changement structural de phase 60°C et a la pression atmospherique dans la phase gel des dispersions aqueuses du CDMP. Cette transition de phase gel-gel a des caractCristiques d'ordre un et Cquivaut a la transition de phase observte a 2,6 kbar et 30°C. La diminution de temperature a des effets analogues sur I'agencement des chaines acyles du CDMP lorsque la pression augmente. Les fluctuations dans la reorientation entre chaines rigides de la phasegel sont amorties graduellement lorsque la temperature diminue; et en-dessous de -60"C, I'orientation entre les interchaines devient fortement ordonnee.[Traduit par le journal] Introduction Temperature-induced phase transitions in dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) -water dispersions have been extensively studied (1-5). Two first-order phase transitions have been found at 24°C and 14°C and are generally referred to as the main transition and the pretransition, respectively. In a recent study (6) we have shown that the temperatureof the maintransition(T,,,) and thatofthe pretransition (T,) can be raised to 30°C by increasing the hydrostatic pressure to 0.15 and I kbar, respectively. In addition, a third first-order gel-gel phase transition was found at 2.6kbar and 30°C. According to the thermodynamic Clausius-Clapeyron relationship, one may predict that this latter gel-gel phase transition should also occur at low temperature and atmospheric pressure. Yellin and Levin (7) have studied the temperature dependence of the Raman spectrum of DMPC-water dispersions from temperatures slightly below that of the