Hydride-induced embrittlement and fracture in metals—effect of stress and temperature distribution

Molecular dynamics simulations of liquid crystalline phases of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride

“…Hydride formation occurs as a result of a combination of complex mechanisms, including for instance simultaneous hydrogen diffusion, hydride precipitation and material deformation (Varias and Massih 2002). For some metals, including zirconium and titanium, such formation has been specifically observed in the vicinity of stress concentrators, following the increased hydrogen transport toward regions of high hydrostatic stresses (Birnbaum 1976;Takano and Suzuki 1974;Grossbeck and Birnbaum 1977;Shih et al 1988;Cann and Sexton 1980).…”

“…For some metals, including zirconium and titanium, such formation has been specifically observed in the vicinity of stress concentrators, following the increased hydrogen transport toward regions of high hydrostatic stresses (Birnbaum 1976;Takano and Suzuki 1974;Grossbeck and Birnbaum 1977;Shih et al 1988;Cann and Sexton 1980). It is also known that the transformation is not only driven by changes of concentration of species, such impurities and alloying elements, but mechanical stresses can per se promote the precipitation of a second phase (Birnbaum 1984;Allen 1978;Varias and Massih 2002). This type of transformation can be beneficial for instance for certain ceramic materials, which may experience an increase in fracture toughness following the transformation.…”

“…Over the years, numerous models have been developed to describe the formation of a second phase at a flaw tip in a variety of crystalline materials (Varias and Massih 2002;Deschamps and Bréchet 1998;Gómez-Ramírez and Pound 1973;Boulbitch and Korzhenevskii 2016;Léonard and Desai 1998;Hin et al 2008;Massih 2011a;Bjerkén and Massih 2014;Jernkvist and Massih 2014;Jernkvist 2014). Among those are the models resting on the phase-field approach based on Ginzburg-Landau theory, see e.g.…”

On the Coupling of Mass Diffusion and Non-Mechanical Energy Flow in Metals under Finite Deformation~!2008-03-24~!2008-06-02~!2008-06-12~!

“…These relations are expected to contribute to the improvement of existing models (e.g. [5]), for the simulation of coupled massdiffusion and non-mechanical energy flow, in areas where finite deformation is important. The derivation of relation (6) is discussed next.…”

“…Precise mathematical models [3][4][5] for the simulation of hydride-induced embrittlement and fracture in metals have been developed in recent years. These models take into account the coupling of the operating physical processes, namely: (i) hydrogen diffusion, (ii) hydride precipitation, (iii) non-mechanical energy flow (i.e.…”