Hydric balance and climatic classification of the city of Porto Nacional, state of Tocantins, inserted in the Legal Amazon, Brazil

Balduíno, Ângelo Ricardo; Santos, Márcio Galdino dos; Souza, Lucas Barbosa e; Lima, Diogo Pedreira; Carvalho, Aurean de Paula

doi:10.22161/ijaers.5.3.34

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In addition, for Balduino (2018) sediments are the final destination for accumulation of agrochemicals due to their ability to retain substances from agricultural activities. Agricultural management practices show the direct exposure of the hydrographic basin with herbicide, as well as the reduction of vegetation, which in turn decreases the capacity to retain substances, causing undesirable behaviors in water resources, such as silting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the presence of glyphosate in sediments from the hydrographic basin dam of the São João stream in the municipality of Porto Nacional, Tocantins

Godinho

Balduíno

2020

Nature and Conservation

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Agricultural production has been one of the activities that most affect the quality of fresh water, due to accelerated urbanization, as well as the growing agricultural production in the region such as corn and soy in order to meet the high consumption demanded by the population, such activities have influenced drastically hydrographic basin conditions due to the excessive use of pesticides. Among the consequences caused are soil erosion, silting, increased production of sediments as well as water turbidity. Through studies related to sediments, it was possible to notice that their structures retain most of the chemical products, through the processes of adsorption, infiltration, and sorption in the soil. This in fact resulted in a study to assess the quality of the São João stream hydrographic basin, which covers the city of Porto Nacional Tocantins, being the main source of surface supply. With the main objective of analyzing the manifestations of chemical products resulting from agricultural use through the collection of sediment samples from the São João stream dam to check the presence of glyphosate, in addition to soil particle size characterization, for particle size classification. From the results obtained in the laboratory, it was observed that the soil presented a high granulometric variation, which despite containing a small percentage of fines such as silt, most of the sample consists of medium sand, coarse sand and gravel responsible for 86.66 % of the total sample. The result obtained an average value of 0.02 μg / L. Then, the results were compared to the values specified by the environmental legislation, in its resolution 357/2005 of the National Environment Council. The values showed the manifestation of the herbicide present in the sample, contacting the vulnerability of water resources, as a result of the poor management of the hydrographic basin, in which the concentrations of agrochemical chemical glyphosate did not show results superior to those allowed by the CONAMA resolution 307/2005. However, due to the growing agricultural activity in the region, this must be periodically evaluated so that it does not reach alarming numbers, subsequently harming water quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the presence of glyphosate in sediments from the hydrographic basin dam of the São João stream in the municipality of Porto Nacional, Tocantins

Godinho

Balduíno

2020

Nature and Conservation

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“…It is located in the municipality of Porto Nacional (Figure 1), with an area of 4,464.11 km², corresponding to 1.61% of the total area of the state of Tocantins, and with an estimated population of 52,510 inhabitants (IBGE, 2018) and in a distance of 62 km from the capital Palmas. According to Balduino et al (2018), the climate of Porto Nacional is Sub-humid, with two well-defined seasons, rainy and dry, with the dry happening in the winter season in which it presents moderate and megahermic water deficiency, with high annual values of potential evapotranspiration, with 28.29% of this evapotranspiration concentrated in the summer season, and can be defined by the formula C2wA'a ', and in the last 20 years of analysis, the annual average precipitation and temperature were, respectively, 1563 mm and 27,28°C. The dominant natural vegetation in the basin area corresponds to the savanna.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detection of the pesticide was performed only in the PIII, where the water reservoir for public supply is located, in which the choice of the collection point of the bottom sediment, according to Balduino et al (2018), it was determined after the bathymetric survey, according to the water flow and where there is the highest retention in the reservoir, since it will have a greater accumulation of sediment (Figure 13).…”

Section: Glyphosate Agrochemicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of water quality in the basin of São João river and detection of agrochemical glyphosate in the water reservoir for urban supply in the municipality of Porto Nacional, Tocantins, Brazil

Balduíno¹,

Reis²,

Filho³

et al. 2019

RICA

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In this work we used the Water Quality Index (WQI) aiming to evaluate the water quality and to detect glyphosate agrotoxic concentrations In the catchment reservoir for urban supply of the São João Creek, in Porto Nacional, in the state of Tocantins, the only one source of supply which has been suffering several attacks, such as agricultural and cattle raising's exploitation, where various catchments for irrigation are situated. This study was carried out monitoring of water of the São João creek, this water resource very importance for the city of Porto Nacional - TO, which has applications in multiple uses such as fishing, leasure of primary contact, water supply, landscape harmony, among others. The parameters analyzed in this work are: temperature, oxygen, pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total coliforms, total solids and turbidity in the months from august 2017 to september 2018 employed in calculating the quality index National Sanitation Foundation (IQA-NSF) and glyphosate agrotoxic concentrations in sediment from the catchment reservoir for urban supply in the same period. The results showed that the water São João Creek can be classified as medium quality with an average of 69,10 seconds NSF, although some parameters compared with environmental laws were not in accordance with the standards determined by Resolutions 274/2000 and 357/2005 of the Brasilian National Council of Environment (CONAMA). On the other hand, concentrations of glyphosate agrotoxic did not exceed the limit allowed by CONAMA Resolution 357/2005, which obtained an average of approximately 0.05 μg / L for the study period, but it should be noted that in the rainy season it reached values of 0,9 μg / L, that is, values close to the permissible limit of the European Union, indicating, thus, the accumulation in the long term.

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“…According to Balduino et al (2018), the climate of Porto Nacional is sub-humid, with two well-defined seasons, rainy and dry, with a drought period in the winter season where it presents moderate and mega thermal water deficiency, with high values of annual evapotranspiration potential, with 28.29% of this evapotranspiration concentrated in the summer season and can be defined by the formula C2wA'a '. The precipitation concentration occurs during the rainy season, from November to April, corresponding to approximately 80% of the rainfall quantity.…”

Section: Site Of the Experientmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bathymetric Survey and Characterization of the Bottom Sediment in the Public Supply Reservoir of the Municipality of Porto Nacional, Legal Amazon, State of Tocantins, Brazil

2018

Aust. J. Basic & Appl. Sci.

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Water is a natural resource essential for the origin and preservation of life, and despite being a renewable resource, in the last few years there has been an intense concern about its scarcity, since it has lost its ability to recover in a natural way, as many sources of water have been exhausted by improper use. According to Tocantins (2008), the population supply represents 71% of the water demand in the current scenario. According to UNESCO (2017), the approximately percentage of 12% is equivalent to the entire amount of potable water of the world concentrated in the Brazilian territory. Urbanization, soil sealing and the consequent deforestation by soybean monoculture in the municipality of Porto Nacional, result in a number of environmental problems, such as: soil erosion, basin siltation and climate change. The degree of siltation suffered by these impoundments in recent years has been decreasing its useful volume, with consequences on the quality and quantity of water available for abstraction. In this context, it is of great importance the study of methods that quantify the degree of sedimentation of these impoundments (Silveira, et al., 2009). The sediment is of extreme importance as an indicator of the level of pollution when it is considered that the crop launches the agrochemicals or the industries launch their dumping in the aquatic environments, especially when there is no inspection. According to Esteves (2011), the sediment can register the pollution occurred in the water in the previous days. The mineralogical characteristics are defined according to NBR-6508, the granulometric scale that divides the soils into the following fractions: clay, silt, fine sand, medium sand, coarse sand and gravel. The granulometric analysis, quantified in sediment samples, is related to the evaluation of the mineralogical characteristics that compose the limnological matrix, to verify the presence of silt, sand and clay. According to CETESB (2007), a greater quantity of fines, represented by high amounts of silt, clay and smaller sand, constitute a significant possibility of finding contaminants that allow the measurement of the quality of the sediment present in the water body, since the size of the particle influences the adsorption and retention of contaminants, as there is the tendency that when the grain decreases, the concentrations of nutrients and contaminants increase.

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Hydric balance and climatic classification of the city of Porto Nacional, state of Tocantins, inserted in the Legal Amazon, Brazil

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Analysis of the presence of glyphosate in sediments from the hydrographic basin dam of the São João stream in the municipality of Porto Nacional, Tocantins

Analysis of the presence of glyphosate in sediments from the hydrographic basin dam of the São João stream in the municipality of Porto Nacional, Tocantins

Monitoring of water quality in the basin of São João river and detection of agrochemical glyphosate in the water reservoir for urban supply in the municipality of Porto Nacional, Tocantins, Brazil

Bathymetric Survey and Characterization of the Bottom Sediment in the Public Supply Reservoir of the Municipality of Porto Nacional, Legal Amazon, State of Tocantins, Brazil

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