Hydric and Durability Performances of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized with Industrial and Agro By-Product Binders: Calcium Carbide Residue and Rice Husk Ash

Abstract

This study investigated the hydric and durability performances of compressed earth blocks (CEBs) stabilized with calcium carbide residue (CCR) and rice husk ash (RHA). Dry mixtures were prepared using kaolinite-rich earthen material and 0 to 25 % CCR or 20:0 to 12:8 % CCR:RHA of the weight of earth. Moistened mixtures were manually compressed to produce CEBs (295x140x95 mm). Stabilized CEBs were cured at 30±5 °C, wrapped in plastic bags for 45 days. The cured CEBs were dried and tested for water absorption and other indicators of durability. Unstabilized CEBs immediately degraded in water. The stabilized CEBs were stable in water, with very low coefficient of capillary absorption (<20 g/cm².min 1/2 ) and excellent durability indicators. They resisted erosion at standard water pressure (50 kPa) and at a pressure of 500 kPa. The coefficient of surface abrasion improved far higher than 7 cm²/g recommended for the construction of facing masonry. It also increased after wetting-drying 2 cycles and correlated with the evolution of compressive strength. This correlation can be used as the non-destructive test of stabilized CEBs.

Mechanical, Thermal and Hydric Behavior of the Bio-sourced Compressed Earth Block (B-CEB) Added to Peanut Shells Powder

“…This is due to the fact that CEB are less porous than adobes, given the application of compaction pressure which increase the bulk density and thus increasing the thermal conductivity. Overall, the values of thermal conductivity are in the same range as the values reported in the literature on raw bricks or bricks reinforced with plant fibers [10]. The use of 20 wt.% of PSP reduces around 38.1% the thermal conductivity of B-CEBs with respect to the reference CEBs (0% PSP).…”

“…These industrial binders enhance the physical, mechanical, and water resistance properties CEB; but limits the possibilities to recycle the earth materials and increases its environmental impact. Alternatively, other studies have reported that geo-sourced binders and binders from by-products (wastes) sources improve the performances of CEBs; which at the same time limits their impact to the environnement and the consumption natural resources [7,[9][10][11].…”

Comparative Study of the Reactivity of Clay Earth Materials for the Production of Compressed Earth Blocks in Ambient Conditions: Effect on Their Physico-Mechanical Performances

“…This study had limitations in terms of the use of LR, which contains less than 50% of Ca(OH) 2 , the maturation at the relatively high temperature, as well as grinding the LR to a relatively smaller fineness [8]. Another study has shown the possibility to correlate the mechanical and physical properties of CEBs, through the compressive strength and abrasion resistance [12]. However, this correlation was established on the basis of only one type of clayey earth material and still requires the validation on other types of materials and mixtures.…”

Evaluación de la absorción de agua en bloques de tierra comprimida estabilizados con cenizas de bagazo de caña de azúcar como sustitución parcial del cemento Portland.

“…Os Blocos de terra comprimida (BTC) são essencialmente adobes -um dos primeiros elementos de estruturas fabricadas pelo homem -porém produzidos utilizando compactação mecânica, o que lhes confere inovação, maior segurança e durabilidade (ASTME2392M-10, 2016. No entanto, a sociedade ainda tem algumas percepções erradas sobre as construções feitas com BTCs, considerando-os como um material menos duráveis (Nshimiyimana et al, 2021). Neste sentido, são importantes os estudos científicos em relação a durabilidade de materiais de construção de terra.…”

“…Dependendo da taxa de absorção, a água pode enfraquecer a integridade e a resistência mecânica da estrutura de terra. Portanto, é essencial avaliar a resistência à absorção de água dos blocos de terra comprimida (Nshimiyimana et al, 2021).…”