Hydrazine-deproteinated bone mineral

Termine, John D.; Eanes, E. D.; Greenfield, D. J.; Nylen, Marie U.; Harper, Richard A.

doi:10.1007/bf02013723

Cited by 211 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The solution was changed after one hour and the bone slices then kept in hot hydrazine overnight (Termine et al, 1973). The bone slices were washed several times in alcohol then left overnight in alcohol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origin and nature of stromal osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells in breast carcinoma: implications for tumour osteolysis and macrophage biology

Athanasou

Wells²,

Quinn³

et al. 1989

Br J Cancer

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(Fry, 1927;Agnantis & Rosen, 1978;Factor et al., 1977;Holland & van Haelst, 1984;Nielsen & Kiaer, 1985;Tavassoli & Norris, 1986) and tumours in other extraskeletal sites (Andreev et al., 1964;Dorney, 1967;Nishiyama et al., 1972; EshunWilson, 1973;Balogh et al., 1985; Berendt et al., 1985). The origin and nature of these cells and their relationship to osteoclasts and macrophage polykaryons is unknown. They are present in the tumour stroma and are generally thought to represent part of the host reponse to the tumour rather than a type of tumour cell. However, their precise function and pathological significance is yet to be determined.In this study, we have examined the ultrastructure and antigenic phenotype of osteoclast-like stromal multinucleate giant cells (OMGCs) in a case of breast carcinoma. We have employed a wide range of monoclonal antibodies of defined specificity in order to clarify the relationship between OMGCs, tumour cells, the osteoclast and other cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system. In addition, we have functionally assessed whether OMGCs behaved like osteoclasts by observing their response to calcitonin and their ability to resorb bone in the presence and absence of known hormonal factors influencing bone resorption. Our findings have implications for macrophage biology and tumour associated osteolysis. Materials and methodsBovine parathyroid hormone (PTH) (2,500 U mg-1) was provided by Dr J. Zanelli (National Institute for Biological Standards, London, UK) and dissolved (230 IU ml-1) in 1 ml 0.001 % acetic acid in distilled water containing 1 mg ml-I of bovine serum albumin (Sigma, UK) (BSA (Welwyn Garden City, UK) and dissolved in alcohol. Tissue culture medium used throughout was Eagles Minimal Essential Medium (Flow, UK), supplemented with benzyl penicillin 100 IU ml-1 (Glaxo, UK) and streptomycin 100 pg ml-1 (Glaxo) (MEM); this was used alone for cell isolation and supplemented with 10% heat inactivated FCS (Gibco, UK) (MEM/FCS) for subsequent incubations.Blocks of cortical bone were obtained at necropsy from the femoral midshaft of patients who had died without evidence of bone disease. These were cleaned of adherent soft tissues then cut longitudinally into bone slices (5 x 3 x 0.3 mm approx) with a low-speed bone saw using a diamond wheel (Buehler Isomet, IL). The bone slices were ultrasonicated for 15min in sterile distilled water, washed in acetone and ethanol then stored dry at room temperature.Anorganic bone slices were prepared by placing bone slices in 5 ml of hot (55°C) 1,2 ethanediamine (Hydrazine) (Eastman, UK). The solution was changed after one hour and the bone slices then kept in hot hydrazine overnight (Termine et al., 1973). The bone slices were washed several times in alcohol then left overnight in alcohol. They were then washed in distilled water, dried and transferred to a sterile petri dish and kept at room temperature until used.Patient details A 45-year-old woman had noted a lump in the upper outer quadrant of her left breast which had recently increased in s...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origin and nature of stromal osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells in breast carcinoma: implications for tumour osteolysis and macrophage biology

Athanasou

Wells²,

Quinn³

et al. 1989

Br J Cancer

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“…In particular there are especially well-correlated relationships between % N, IRSF and microporosity (pore radii <4 nm). bovine bone and the same bone in which approximately 95% of the protein has been removed by treatment with hydrazine hydrate are also included (Termine et al 1973). The plots show the clear systematic relationship between porosity, given by the water sorption method, and the degree of diagenetic alteration, which may be summarized as follows.…”

Section: Porosity As a Diagenetic Indicatormentioning

confidence: 96%

Bone Porosity and the Use of Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry in Bone Diagenesis Studies*

Nielsen-Marsh

Hedges

1999

Archaeometry

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Porosiry measurements made on archaeological bones have revealed very close relationships between changes in the porosity, remaining protein content and mineral alterations. The results have important implications for models that attempt to quantih the rates and extent of chemicul reaction between bone and its geochemical environment. We report here on a novel application of an established technique, mercury intrusion porosimetry, to investigate in more detail the pore size distribution of archaeological bones. Mercury intrusion porosimetry measures an 'intermediate' range of bone porosity, 'mesoporosity ', and produces data which permit the observation of signiJcant structure characteristics in the porosity of modem, laboratory altered and diagenetically altered bones.

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“…It will be seen that the curves for hydrazine and 350 °C both have angular half widths at half maximum intensity of 28°, to an accuracy which we estimate as _+ 1 °. We recall that Termine et al (1973) established that their hydrazine treatment produced no alterations in the structural properties of the mineral phase and we deduce therefore that a value of 28 ° may be taken as the half-width for the untreated material and also that this is unchanged by heating up to 350°C. The lower curves in Fig.…”

Section: Preferred Orientationmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The X-ray diffraction data of Termine et al (1973) indicate that no changes in the sizes of the apatite crystals occur for the hydrazine treatment. We show the effect of our heat treatments on the crystallite size in Fig.…”

Section: Crystal Size and Growthmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…We have now been able to support our assertion by making a detailed assessment of the effect of heating at various temperatures and also of chemical treatments, described in the literature as suitable for removal of collagen without disturbance <)f the crystallite size and texture. We refer specifically to the use of ethylenediamine, described by Skinner, 0021-8898/79/0100 -05501.00 Kempner & Pak (1972), and of hydrazine, described by Termine et al (1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The orientation of apatite crystals in bone

Bacon¹,

Bacon²,

Griffiths³

1979

J Appl Cryst

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In neutron-diffraction measurements of the orientation of apatite crystals, for studying the stress distribution in bone, it is necessary to remove substantially the collagen in order to reduce the incoherent scattering. Data from X-ray and neutron diffraction indicate the effect of chemical treatment with hydrazine and ethylenediamine and of heat treatment up to 650°C. Crystal growth commences above 500°C, with a slight sharpening of the curve of preferred orientation but without change of the preferred direction. Typically the half-width at half-intensity is reduced from 28 ° to 24 ° at 650 °C. Fortuitously, because of the differences of scattering amplitudes for the constituent atoms in apatite, the neutron pattern is much more informative concerning crystallinity than is the X-ray pattern.

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Hydrazine-deproteinated bone mineral

Cited by 211 publications

References 33 publications

The origin and nature of stromal osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells in breast carcinoma: implications for tumour osteolysis and macrophage biology

The origin and nature of stromal osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells in breast carcinoma: implications for tumour osteolysis and macrophage biology

Bone Porosity and the Use of Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry in Bone Diagenesis Studies*

The orientation of apatite crystals in bone

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