Hydraulic model of cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Abstract

The paper presents a model of a cerebral vascular system including two types of vessel networks (arterial and venous) joined by a porous medium as a substitute to a microcapillary system. The aim of the paper is to reproduce numerically experimental data on endovascular measurements of fluid velocity and pressure in the afferent artery and the efferent vein of the arteriovenous malformation (AVM). The suggested model qualitatively simulates all the main features of the experimental $vp$-diagrams: presence of the time shift between velocity and pressure waves, semicircular shape of the diagram, difference in the direction of circulation in the arterial and venous parts and upper-left drift of the diagram during the embolisation of the AVM. The velocity–pressure time shift is analysed on the modelling example of pulsation flow within a vessel in a cylindrical porous medium. The demonstrated adequacy of the model allows its further use for simulation of various strategies of AVM treatment, haemorrhage risk estimations, etc.

Rheological Properties of Non-Adhesive Embolizing Compounds—The Key to Fine-Tuning Embolization Process-Modeling in Endovascular Surgery

“…The first attempts at modelling the embolization process, in which pathological vessels overlap and further flow into a healthy vascular bed occurs, were based on Darcy’s law and the Maag formula [ 39 ]. Branched network-type AVM models have been described by Golovin et al [ 40 ]. Furher, the concept of considering AVM nidus embolization as a model of two-component filtration, in which the displaced component was blood and the displacing component was embolization material, which is a Newtonian fluid, was formulated and implemented by Cherevko et al [ 41 ].…”

Ten Years of Passion: I.S. Gromeka’s Contribution to Science

“…The solution Equation ( 15) for the non-slip case has been popular and is still used in many of todays' works [12,[33][34][35][36]. It is worth mentioning that the same solution was derived independently by Roiti in 1871 [37], and many years later (in 1932) by Szymański [38].…”

A Computational Framework for Pre-Interventional Planning of Peripheral Arteriovenous Malformations

“…The majority of numerical works described in the literature employed simplified approaches to model the intricate geometry of AVMs, such as the exclusive use of electric networks to reproduce the vasculature, [9][10][11][12][13] or their combination with a porous medium to represent the nidus. 13 A similar approach was employed by Orlowski et al, in which the haemodynamics of cerebral AVMs were studied by means of patient-derived computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Due to difficulties in extracting the internal geometry of the nidus from the clinical images, the latter was modelled as a porous medium with parameters (i.e.…”