Hydraulic Design and Analysis of Piano Key Weirs: A Review

Singh, Deepak; Kumar, Munendra

doi:10.1007/s13369-021-06370-4

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Singh, D. and Kumar, M 9) studied the application of PKW, showing its effectiveness for a spillway structure. Amr A. Bekheet et al 29) investigated the effect of PKW shape on flow efficiency using a variety of dam shapes (rectangle, trapezoid, and triangle), demonstrating that the Wi/Wo ratio is the most influential factor on flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Discharge Coefficient of Type A Piano Key Weir for Water Resource Sustainable Development

Nguyen Minh Ngoc,

Le Van Nghi,

Doan Thi Minh Yen

2023

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The piano key weir (PKW) is a spillway with inlet and outlet keys that are similar to piano keys. Depending on the water head and the width of the outlet keys, the flow into the inlet keys and through the outlet keys is directed by partition walls, resulting in a flow characteristic that differs from that of a traditional spillway. This paper presents some flow characteristics of the type A rectangular PKW and research on physical models in a laboratory flume, 22 m in length, 0.8 m in width, and 1 m in height. We found the equation that tells us how much water flows through the PKW in the full regime and the incomplete regime of the outlet key when Ho/Wo = 0.5 is the boundary value. The equation was built for flow states and convenient calculations, with an accuracy of less than 8.03% compared to experimental data. Beside, statistical indicators between measured value and predicted values are good (RMSE = 0.022; MAE = 0.017; MAPE = 2.0%), especially in correlation coefficient is strong (R 2 = 0.98). Using the data of other authors, the calculation efficiency of the proposed formulas is also very suitable, giving a very strong correlation coefficient (R 2 > 0.9) and other statistical indicators close to the ideal point (zero). This shows that the proposed equations are very suitable to evaluate the flow capacity through the PKW and effective in water management and sustainable development at river basin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Discharge Coefficient of Type A Piano Key Weir for Water Resource Sustainable Development

Nguyen Minh Ngoc,

Le Van Nghi,

Doan Thi Minh Yen

2023

Evergreen

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“…One of the main concerns identified by the previous studies is oscillating negative pressures behind the overflow nappe, the potential of these oscillations causing structural vibrations, and the effect of artificially aerating the overflow nappe (Leite Ribeiro et al 2007) (Erpicum et al 2013a). A critical review of the hydraulic design and analysis of the PKW was presented by Singh & Kumar (2021). Crookston & Tullis (2012a) proposed an intermediate step in determining the impact of nappe impedance on labyrinth weir hydrodynamics, such as neighborhood submergence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on aeration performance of different types of piano key weir

Singh

Kumar

2022

Water Supply

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Aeration is the process of increasing the Dissolved Oxygen (DO) content of water, which is an important water quality parameter for the survival of aquatic life. In this process, large amounts of air bubbles develop; as a result, contact surface area increases, and hence the water-air-mass transfer accelerates. There are numerous methods for increasing DO concentration in water, including self-aeration, mechanical aeration, chemical aeration, and hydraulic structures. The hydraulic structures are an economical and efficient way of enhancing stream/river water aeration. Even though the water only comes into contact with the structure for a short while, it increases the amount of DO in a river system. In this study, an experimental investigation has been carried out to determine the aeration performance of different types of Piano Key Weir (PKW). To this end, three different types (i.e., type-A, type-B & type-C) of PKWs laboratory-scaled models were tested. The results demonstrated that the type-A PKW had created maximum oxygen transfer efficiency out of other PKW's types. In addition, the results show that the aeration efficiency of all PKW's models increases with drop height but decreases with increasing the discharge over the weirs.

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