Hydraulic Conductance in Tepal Growth and Extension of Vase Life with Trehalose in Cut Tulip Flowers

Abstract

<jats:p>Two cultivars of tulip (<jats:italic>Tulipa gesneriana</jats:italic> L.) were used to check the effect of trehalose-feeding on longevity of vase life. `Oxford' plants were grown from bulbs, and trehalose-fed cut flowers were compared with the intact plants grown in pots. `Pink Diamond' flowers were obtained commercially as cut flowers from the market, and trehalose-feeding was examined by using only flower parts. In both cultivars of plants, it was confirmed that trehalose-feeding enhanced longevity of the vase life significantly at room temperature. Additionally, mechanisms of prolonging the vase life with trehalose-fed flowers were studied by comparing the water status in the zone of elongation of tulip tepals when their growth rates were modified with different treatments. In the elongating region of tulip tepals, cell elongation rates were linearly correlated to sizes of the growth-induced water potential regardless of treatments. It was found that trehalose-feeding reduced the hydraulic conductance, resulting in a decrease in cell elongation rates. Also, trehalose helped to maintain turgor of tepal cells for longer periods. Furthermore, trehalose enhanced pigmentation in tepals, and thus, trehalose is believed to have had a role in altering the metabolism in elongating cells and in reducing hydraulic conductivity in membranes.</jats:p>

Fruit ripening in Vitis vinifera: apoplastic solute accumulation accounts for pre-veraison turgor loss in berries

“…As described elsewhere (Nonami and Boyer 1987;Boyer and Nonami 1990;Wada et al 2005), the W w of the two compartments are locally equilibrated in the mesocarp, i.e., W w P & W w A . We measured the P, W s T , and W s A but not W m in the present work.…”

“…Apoplast sap has been extracted from plant organs with several techniques: (1) the pressure chamber technique (Boyer 1967;Jachetta et al 1986;Nonami and Boyer 1987;Tang and Boyer 2002;Wada et al 2005), (2) the vacuum perfusion technique (Bernstein 1971;Cosgrove and Cleland 1983), and (3) the centrifugation technique (with and without infiltration) (Terry and Bonner 1980;Cosgrove and Cleland 1983;Meinzer and Moore 1988;Welbaum and Meinzer 1990;Speer and Kaiser 1991;Tetlow and Farrar 1993;Dannel et al 1995;Pomper and Breen 1995;Zhang et al 1996;Livingston and Henson 1998;Lohaus et al 2001;Zhu et al 2006). Of these, the centrifugation technique is the most common.…”

Dynamics and stabilization mechanism of mitochondrial cristae morphofunction associated with turgor-driven cardiolipin biosynthesis under salt stress conditions

“…All subsequent tissue manipulations were performed under the humid chamber to minimize water loss from the tissue after excision 60 . The tissue water status was then determined with the isopiestic psychrometer 60 , 66 . After Ψ w was measured, tissue Ψ s was determined in the same tissue immediately after freezing at − 80 °C and thawing at 25 °C.…”

Direct evidence for dynamics of cell heterogeneity in watercored apples: turgor-associated metabolic modifications and within-fruit water potential gradient unveiled by single-cell analyses

“…After the above in situ analysis, tissue segments from each region were gently extracted using a 4.0-mm cork borer along the direction of tip insertion of the cell pressure probe, and 5-mm height of tissue segment was cut out and collected in the sample tube to store −80 °C for >2 h. After thawing the segment, all the samples were centrifuged at 1500× g for 20 min at 4 °C, and extracted sap was collected from the bottom of the centrifuge tube 33 . An aliquot of the extracted fluid was then quickly transferred into high viscous microscopic oil placed onto a diamond plate 54 and the osmotic potentials of cellular fluids to determine using both nanolitre freezing point osmometer (Clifton Technical Physics, Hartford, NY) 21 , 54 , and isopiestic psychrometry 22 , 55 . The content of total soluble solids (TSS) was determined by using a refractometer.…”