Hydraulic Cold-Pressed Extraction of Sacha Inchi Seeds: Oil Yield and Its Physicochemical Properties

Abstract

Sacha inchi oil (SIO) extraction has been extensively studied using various oil extraction techniques to achieve a high oil recovery. However, most studies relied on heat-based methods, which led to compromised oil quality and reduced nutritional values, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 and omega-6), vitamin E, and phenolic compounds. To address these concerns, this study employed a hydraulic cold-pressed extraction (HCPE) technique for extracting SIO aiming to enhance oil yield while preserving its nutritional integrity. During the HCPE process of sacha inchi seeds (SIS), conducted at a constant temperature of 25 ± 1 °C, pressures and pressing times were varied within the range of 30–50 MPa and 10–30 min, respectively, to determine their impact on SIO yields. The results revealed that both pressure and pressing time significantly influenced the yields of SIO (p < 0.05), with the highest oil recovery of 86.31 wt.% on a wet basis achieved at 50 MPa for 30 min. Regarding physicochemical properties, the peroxide values (5.71–9.07 meq/kg), iodine values (176.22–197.76 g I2/100 g), acid values (1.82–2.16 mg KOH/g), and percentage of free fatty acids (0.91–1.08 wt.% as oleic acid) were found to be influenced by pressure and pressing time (p < 0.05). Additionally, the color variation by L* (34.22–35.17), −a* (0.39–0.81), and b* (3.48–5.62) changed with each oil yield. Notably, the high iodine value in SIO indicated a substantial content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including omega-3 (40.86%), omega-6 (40.87%), and omega-9 (10.20%). Furthermore, a comparison with solvent extraction methods demonstrated that HCPE exhibited similar efficiency in extracting SIO, offering additional advantage in terms of its cold-pressed condition, eliminating of solvent use, simplicity, short extraction time, and higher oil recovery.

The Influence of the Used Bleaching Earth on the Content of Natural Dyes in Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Oils

“…Figure 1b shows that the mass of added bleaching earth is crucial in determining the effectiveness of color change in the CIE-Lab method, which is further confirmed by the work of Marrakchi et al [40] Doses of 2.5% by mass of BE5, BE6, and BE7 showed little ability to change the color of the tested oils (gray field in Figure 1b), but doses of 5.0% showed the greatest effectiveness in this matter (blue field in Figure 1b). Kong et al [41] showed that slight changes in the oil color determined by the CIE-Lab method occurred during repeated oil filtration. Referring to the conducted research, it can be concluded that some BEs in small doses (i.e., BE7; 2.5%, Finola CP) do not show the proper adsorption capacity to carotenoid dyes.…”