Hydration status during commercial saturation diving measured by bioimpedance and urine specific gravity

Wekre, Stian Lande; Landsverk, Halvor Dagssøn; Lautridou, Jacky; Hjelde, Astrid; Imbert, Jean Pierre; Balestra, Costantino; Eftedal, Ingrid

doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.971757

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Marathon runners have also reported this lack of correlation [37]. In contrast, a weakly negative correlation between BIVA and USG has been found in divers, which is the opposite of what the authors expected, since such results indicated that the higher the amount of water, the higher the urine density [38]. In a recent study, Francisco et al [39] showed that athletes with a low water intake reported higher USG values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

In-Season Longitudinal Hydration/Body Cell Mass Ratio Changes in Elite Rugby Players

Cebrián-Ponce,

Petri,

Izzicupo

et al. 2023

Sports

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Background: Hydration status has a direct role in sports performance. Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis (BIVA) and Urine Specific Gravity (USG) are commonly used to assess hydration. The study aims to identify the sensitivity and relationship between BIVA and USG in a field sports setting. Methods: BIVA and USG measurements were conducted five times throughout one rugby season. 34 elite male rugby players (25.1 ± 4.4 years; 184.0 ± 7.8 cm; 99.9 ± 13.4 kg) were enrolled. Differences over time were tested using one-way repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni’s post-hoc test was applied in pairwise comparisons. Resistance-reactance graphs and Hotelling’s T2 test were used to characterize the sample and to identify bioelectrical changes. A repeated measures correlation test was conducted for BIVA-USG associations. Results: Two clear trends were seen: (1) from July to September, there was a vector shortening and an increase of the phase angle (p < 0.001); and (2) from December to April, there was a vector lengthening and a decrease of the phase angle (p < 0.001). USG reported neither changes nor correlation with BIVA longitudinally (p > 0.05). Vector variations indicated a body fluid gain (especially in the intracellular compartment) and a body cell mass increase during the preseason, suggesting a physical condition and performance improvement. During the last months of the season, the kinetic was the opposite (fluid loss and decreased body cell mass). Conclusions: Results suggested that BIVA is sensitive to physiological changes and a better option than USG for assessing hydration changes during a rugby sports season.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

In-Season Longitudinal Hydration/Body Cell Mass Ratio Changes in Elite Rugby Players

Cebrián-Ponce,

Petri,

Izzicupo

et al. 2023

Sports

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“…All divers had unrestricted access to drinking water. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a safe and fast method to evaluate the body composition or hydration status [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. These changes were estimated by a multifrequency tetrapolar impedancemetry Biody XPert ZM (Aminogram, La Ciotat, France) in order to evaluate the total body hydration status and its related changes after diving.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Effects of One Week of Repeated Recreational Closed-Circuit Rebreather Dives in Cold Water

et al. 2022

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Background and Objectives: The use of closed-circuit rebreathers (CCRs) in recreational diving is gaining interest. However, data regarding its physiological effects are still scarce. Immersion, cold water, hyperoxia, exercise or the equipment itself could challenge the cardiopulmonary system. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of CCR diving on lung function and autonomous cardiac activity after a series of CCR dives in cold water. Materials and Methods: Eight CCR divers performed a diving trip (one week) in the Baltic Sea. Spirometry parameters, SpO2, and the lung ultrasonography score (LUS) associated with hydration monitoring by bioelectrical impedance were assessed at the end of the week. Heart rate variability (HRV) was recorded during the dives. Results: No diver declared pulmonary symptoms. The LUS increased after dives combined with a slight non-pathological decrease in SpO2. Spirometry was not altered, and all body water compartments were increased. Global HRV decreased during diving with a predominant increase in sympathetic tone while the parasympathetic tone decreased. All parameters returned to baseline 24 h after the last dive. Conclusions: The lung aeration disorders observed seem to be transient and not associated with functional spirometry alteration. The HRV dynamics highlighted physiological constraints during the dive as well as environmental-stress-related stimulation that may influence pulmonary changes. The impact of these impairments is unknown but should be taken into account, especially when considering long and repetitive CCR dives.

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“…An increasing number of research reports have been published to document procedures, diver’s subjective evaluations [ 1 ], hematological changes [ 2 ], high pressure nervous syndrome [ 3 ], divers hydration status [ 4 ] or oxidative stress [ 5 ]. Saturation permits divers to live under pressure in chambers onboard of a vessel and to be deployed directly to the seabed by a diving bell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Function Recovery Following Saturation Diving

2022

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Background and Objectives: Saturation diving is a technique used in commercial diving. Decompression sickness (DCS) was the main concern of saturation safety, but procedures have evolved over the last 50 years and DCS has become a rare event. New needs have evolved to evaluate the diving and decompression stress to improve the flexibility of the operations (minimum interval between dives, optimal oxygen levels, etc.). We monitored this stress in saturation divers during actual operations. Materials and Methods: The monitoring included the detection of vascular gas emboli (VGE) and the changes in the vascular function measured by flow mediated dilatation (FMD) after final decompression to surface. Monitoring was performed onboard a diving support vessel operating in the North Sea at typical storage depths of 120 and 136 msw. A total of 49 divers signed an informed consent form and participated to the study. Data were collected on divers at surface, before the saturation and during the 9 h following the end of the final decompression. Results: VGE were detected in three divers at very low levels (insignificant), confirming the improvements achieved on saturation decompression procedures. As expected, the FMD showed an impairment of vascular function immediately at the end of the saturation in all divers but the divers fully recovered from these vascular changes in the next 9 following hours, regardless of the initial decompression starting depth. Conclusion: These changes suggest an oxidative/inflammatory dimension to the diving/decompression stress during saturation that will require further monitoring investigations even if the vascular impairement is found to recover fast.

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Hydration status during commercial saturation diving measured by bioimpedance and urine specific gravity

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

In-Season Longitudinal Hydration/Body Cell Mass Ratio Changes in Elite Rugby Players

In-Season Longitudinal Hydration/Body Cell Mass Ratio Changes in Elite Rugby Players

Pulmonary Effects of One Week of Repeated Recreational Closed-Circuit Rebreather Dives in Cold Water

Vascular Function Recovery Following Saturation Diving

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