Hydatidosis of Camels and Sheep Slaughtered in Aswan Governorate, Southern Egypt

Abstract

<jats:p>Background: Hydatidosis is an infection caused by the cystic larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. This disease is a zoonotic disease has a worldwide distribution and common in developing and undeveloped countries. Objectives: The objective of the present study is to studying the infection rate and predilection seats of hydatid cyst affections among slaughtered food animals in Aswan Governorate, southern Egypt and study the effect of age and sex of infected slaughtered animals on the infection with hydatid cyst. Also, study the effect of seasonal variations in the infection with hydatid cyst among slaughtered animals. In addition, the macroscopic examination, microscopic examination, scanning electron microscopy and histopathological studies for the collected hydatid cyst are examined. Methods: This investigation was carried out from August 2015 to July 2016 in two main slaughterhouses in Aswan Governorate to study the hydatidosis in camels and sheep. By routine meat inspection, hydatid cyst count and characterization was conducted. Findings: A total of 2080 camels and 674 sheep were examined. Of these, 173 (8.32%) camels and 3 (0.45%) sheep were found to harbour one or more hydatid cysts. Female and older age slaughtered animals were more susceptible to infection with these metacestode than males and younger animals. Hydatid cyst infection in slaughtered animals is most commonly found in lung followed by liver while mixed infection in both lung and liver was found only in camel. Hydatid cyst in slaughtered camels was higher in autumn followed by winter, while hydatid cyst in slaughtered sheep was found only in autumn season. Fertile cysts in lung and liver of slaughtered camels was 83.4% and 30% respectively. While the fertility of hydatid cyst in infected lung and liver of sheep was 100%. Main conclusions: This study reported that slaughtered animals were infected with relatively high infection rate of hydatid cyst may be due to the presence of socio-economic conditions favourable for the disease and maintenance of high level of infection. So must design governmental control programs against hydatidosis to minimize the infection rate in Aswan Governorate and ensure effective protection not only for animal population but also for humans at risk of contracting the infection.</jats:p>

Changes in the microstructure of the small intestine of sheep infected naturally with Paramphistomum cervi after treatment with Antitrem

“…According to its detrimental effect on ruminant health and wellbeing, gastrointestinal parasitism is a global problem that is limiting ruminant efficiency (Dyab et al, 2018;Paul et al, 2020;Abdelhamid et al, 2021). Infections of ruminant livestock with paramphistomes have become more common and are still widespread.…”

Histopathological Studies on Parasitic Affections of Lung and Liver of Humped Camels in Aswan Slaughterhouses, Egypt

“…Bahnass (2009) in Zagazig (Egypt), who detected in liver and lung with percentage of 9.02 % and 90.9 % respectively. Dyab et al (2018) in Aswan (Egypt), studied the cystic hydatidosis in 8.32% mostly found in camel lung. Hence it is clear that the most of the previous authors reported the lungs as the preferred location of hydatid cyst in camels.…”

Cystic echinococcosis in humans and animals in Egypt: An epidemiological overview

“…(2013) Elminia Cattle/Buffaloes 120/50 6 (5.0)/2 (4.0) Lung, liver Dyab et al (2019) Assiut Camels 200 12 (6.0) Liver, lung, kidney Dyab et al (2017) Sheep 250 (2.4) na Taher & Sayed (2011) Goats 90 6 (6.7) Liver Abdelazeem et al (2020) New valley Sheep 459 37 (8.1) Liver, lung, kidney Osman et al (2014) Goats 528 29 (5.5) Red Sea, Qena, Sohag, Aswan Sheep 820 58 (14.1) Lung, liver, viscera Omar et al. (2013) Goats 130 17 (13.1) Camels 240 12 (5.0) Cattle 2910 2 (0.1) Buffaloes 398 0 (0) Aswan Camels/Sheep 2080/674 173 (8.3)/3 (0.54) Lung, liver Dyab et al (2018) …”

“…In a systematic analysis of the global risk factors for hydatid disease in livestock, several factors including locations, host species, age, sex, seasonal variations, and environmental factors were associated with the diseases burden ( Otero-Abad & Torgerson, 2013 ). In Egyptian livestock, age, sex and season have been associated with high prevalence of CE in camels and sheep ( Dyab et al., 2018a ; Ahmed et al., 2021 ). Female camels, for example, were more susceptible to CE infection than male camels possibly because of the slaughtering of female camels at an older age, as they are maintained for reproduction ( Dyab et al., 2018a ).…”

“…In Egyptian livestock, age, sex and season have been associated with high prevalence of CE in camels and sheep ( Dyab et al., 2018a ; Ahmed et al., 2021 ). Female camels, for example, were more susceptible to CE infection than male camels possibly because of the slaughtering of female camels at an older age, as they are maintained for reproduction ( Dyab et al., 2018a ). In addition, older camels exhibited a higher prevalence of CE than younger camels presumably because camels are frequently slaughtered at an advanced age, resulting in a higher exposure rate to the parasites ( Dyab et al., 2018a ; Ahmed et al., 2021 ).…”