Hybrids on Steroids

Behl, Johannes; Distler, Tobias; Kapitza, Rüdiger

doi:10.1145/3064176.3064213

Cited by 73 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Data sealing can help an enclave to swap data with another enclave or to ease memory pressure. Few schemes describe the function because it is S id e -c h a n n e l a tt a c k s S in g le -p o in t a tt a c k s AHL [69] PoUW [47] PoET [48] PoLK [49] Hybster [53] SPoS [56] Hawk [57] ShadowEth [58] Ekiden [59] FastKitten [62] TC [63] Teechain [65] Tesseract [66] BITE [67] Obscuro [68] Airtnt [70] PrivacyGuard [71] TID [72] means that the scheme uses the function or suffers from the disadvantage. means that the scheme does not use the function or suffer from the disadvantage.…”

Section: A Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, Behl et al [53] propose Hybster, an improved BFT algorithm based on SGX, which enhances the performance by parallelizing the protocols. To prevent replay attacks where an attack saves the old state information to reset the subsystem, Hybster implements a trusted counter based on SGX for each node, which is called TrInX.…”

Section: B Efficiency Issues Of Consensus Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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When Blockchain Meets SGX: An Overview, Challenges, and Open Issues

Bao¹,

Wang

Shi

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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As a decentralized, public, and digital ledger technology in Peer-to-Peer network, blockchain has received much attention from various fields, including finance, healthcare, supply chain, etc. However, some challenges (e.g., scalability, privacy, and security issues) severely affects the wide adoption of blockchain technology. Recently, Intel software guard extensions (SGX), as new trusted computing technologies, have provided a new solution to the above challenges in the blockchain area. Although many studies have focused on using SGX technology to enhance their schemes in the blockchain areas, no comprehensive survey has systematically analyzed and delineated these studies. This paper is the first to systematically discuss the application status of SGX in the blockchain area. In this paper, we study the scheme designs, advantages, and disadvantages of the existing works using a six-layer hierarchical structure of the blockchain. We also summarize the functions of SGX and formally analyze the advantages and disadvantages of SGX. Finally, we review the remaining challenges and present a list of possible directions for future research.

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Section: A Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Efficiency Issues Of Consensus Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Blockchain Meets SGX: An Overview, Challenges, and Open Issues

Bao¹,

Wang

Shi

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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“…7. Obtained data resort to comparison and consensus [15], [16] on the enclave's hash, after each participant node had compiled its own copy of the source code. This approach would require that the attacker compromises a certain number of build servers, which is hard to accomplish.…”

Section: Tamperingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supply Chain Malware Targets SGX: Take Care of what you Sign

Mogage

Pires

Cracium

et al. 2019

2019 38th Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems (SRDS)

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Malware attacks represent a significant part of today's security threats. Software guard extensions (SGX) are a set of hardware instructions introduced by Intel in their recent lines of processors that are intended to provide a secure execution environment for user-developed applications. To our knowledge, there was no serious attempt yet to overcome the SGX protection by leveraging the software supply chain infrastructure, such as weaknesses in the development, build or signing servers. While SGX protection does not specifically take into consideration such threats, we show in the current paper that a simple malware attack exploiting a separation between the build and signing processes can have a serious damaging impact, practically nullifying the SGX integrity protection measures. Finally, we also suggest some possible mitigations against the attack.

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“…The Heard-Of (HO) model [Biely et al 2007;Charron-Bost and Schiper 2009] requires protocols to be divided into rounds, allowing processes to execute in lock-step. It was implemented in Isabelle/HOL [Charron-Bost et al 2011] and used to verify the EIGByz [Bar-Noy et al 1992] Byzantine agreement algorithm for synchronous systems. Model checking and the HO-model have also been used in [Chaouch-Saad et al 2009;Schiper 2007, 2008] to verify crash fault-tolerant consensus algorithms [Charron-Bost and Schiper 2009].…”

Section: Logics and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asphalion: trustworthy shielding against Byzantine faults

Vukotic

Rahli

Esteves-Veríssimo

2019

Proc. ACM Program. Lang.

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Byzantine fault-tolerant state-machine replication (BFT-SMR) is a technique for hardening systems to tolerate arbitrary faults. Although robust, BFT-SMR protocols are very costly in terms of the number of required replicas (3f + 1 to tolerate f faults) and of exchanged messages. However, with łhybridž architectures, where łnormalž components trust some łspecialž components to provide properties in a trustworthy manner, the cost of using BFT can be dramatically reduced. Unfortunately, even though such hybridization techniques decrease the message/time/space complexity of BFT protocols, they also increase their structural complexity. Therefore, we introduce Asphalion, the first theorem prover-based framework for verifying implementations of hybrid systems and protocols. It relies on three novel languages: (1) HyLoE: a Hybrid Logic of Events to reason about hybrid fault models; (2) MoC: a Monadic Component language to implement systems as collections of interacting hybrid components; and (3) LoCK: a sound Logic of events-based Calculus of Knowledge to reason about both homogeneous and hybrid systems at a high-level of abstraction (thereby allowing reusing proofs, and capturing the high-level logic of distributed systems). In addition, Asphalion supports compositional reasoning, e.g., through mechanisms to lift properties about trusted-trustworthy components, to the level of the distributed systems they are integrated in. As a case study, we have verified crucial safety properties (e.g., agreement) of several implementations of hybrid protocols. CCS Concepts: • Theory of computation → Logic and verification.

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Hybrids on Steroids

Cited by 73 publications

References 34 publications

When Blockchain Meets SGX: An Overview, Challenges, and Open Issues

When Blockchain Meets SGX: An Overview, Challenges, and Open Issues

Supply Chain Malware Targets SGX: Take Care of what you Sign

Asphalion: trustworthy shielding against Byzantine faults

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