Hybridized Tungsten Oxide Nanostructures for Food Quality Assessment: Fabrication and Performance Evaluation

Kumar, Pankaj; Sarswat, Prashant K.; Free, Michael L.

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21605-5

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…While electrochemical, colorimetric, and other sensing schemes in previous work have shown promise for gas and adulteration detection, it still remains to detect gas signatures continually and at low concentration levels for monitoring spoiling food. [ 24–29 ] Multiplexed sensing is also important—for example, humidity is another important parameter that affects food storage and spoilage, [ 22,30–34 ] and thus should be simultaneously monitored with H 2 S and NH 3 . All of these requirements necessitate the deployment of sensors with high selectivity and low detection limits.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Trace‐Level, Multi‐Gas Detection for Food Quality Assessment Based on Decorated Silicon Transistor Arrays

et al. 2020

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and mass-sensitive sensors, [9] but few of these have been demonstrated to be cost, power, and size effective. For instance, the widely commercialized resistance-based metal oxide sensors must typically be operated at high temperatures to enable the adsorption interactions required for transduction. [8,[10][11][12] This results in higher power consumption as operation temperatures must be adjusted by a built-in heater. While other efforts have focused on the optimization of sensing materials [4,13,14] and sensor structure, [15] the resulting devices remain far from being practically applicable due to their limited detection sensitivity and poor reproducibility under mass fabrication. [16] Therefore, effective gas sensing systems with minimal baseline drift, good selectivity, low hysteresis, and the ability to simultaneously measure multiple gases still need to be developed. In this context, silicon transistor-based sensors have shown significant promise, with key advantages in overcoming size limitations, low power sensing, and high sensitivity, [17][18][19][20][21] making them useful for trace-level gas sensing applications required in food freshness monitoring.Ammonia (NH 3 ) and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) are two types of marker gases for spoiling food. For high-protein foods such as eggs, dairy, and meat, off-gassed NH 3 and H 2 S serve as quality indicators of freshness. [22][23][24][25] These gases can also be emitted from rotting vegetables such as corn and spinach. [26] For simplicity, eggs and pork samples are selected for monitoring food spoilage in this work. Based on reported data, 10 mL of egg whites produces ≈100 µg of H 2 S over multiple hours. [23] After accounting for food storage volume and temperature, this means that the sensor system must be able to identify H 2 S and NH 3 gases with lower than 100 ppb detection limits and negligible cross-sensitivity. While electrochemical, colorimetric, and other sensing schemes in previous work have shown promise for gas and adulteration detection, it still remains to detect gas signatures continually and at low concentration levels for monitoring spoiling food. [24][25][26][27][28][29] Multiplexed sensing is also important-for example, humidity is another important parameter that affects food storage and spoilage, [22,[30][31][32][33][34] and thus should be simultaneously monitored with H 2 S and NH 3 . All of these requirements necessitate the deployment of sensors with high selectivity and low detection limits.Multiplexed gas detection at room temperature is critical for practical applications, such as for tracking the complex chemical environments associated with food decomposition and spoilage. An integrated array of multiple silicon-based, chemical-sensitive field effect transistors (CSFETs) is presented to realize selective, sensitive, and simultaneous measurement of gases typically associated with food spoilage. CSFETs decorated with sensing materials based on ruthenium, silver, and silicon oxide are used to obtain stable room-temperature responses t...

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Trace‐Level, Multi‐Gas Detection for Food Quality Assessment Based on Decorated Silicon Transistor Arrays

et al. 2020

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“…Before the stability test in WPS-10, a broad signal in the range of 720−850 cm −1 can be attributed to W 6+ −O bonds, which disappear after 24 and 48 h, in line with the XPS results. 63,64 On the other hand, the broad signal in the range of 120−320 cm −1 can be assigned to W 5+ −O bonds, which remains and further small signal developed at 141 and 260 cm −1 after 48 h due to W 5+ −O and W 5+ �O bonds. 65 This observation further validates the complete conversion of W 6+ into W 5+ , causing activation during the OER mechanism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Defect Enriched Tungsten Oxide Phosphate with Strategic Sulfur Doping for Effective Seawater Oxidation

Das,

Sinha,

Roy

2023

Inorg. Chem.

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The intrinsic ability of defects within the electrocatalysts can be judiciously utilized in designing robust electrocatalysts for efficient seawater oxidation. Herein, we have fabricated a novel tungsten oxide phosphate (W 12 PO 38.5 ) with optimized sulfur doping triggering the insertion of a large number of defect sites. This allows for boosted OER performance in alkaline freshwater as well as seawater, avoiding the unwanted chlorine evolution reaction. The optimized electrocatalyst achieved high current densities of 500 mA cm −2 at an overpotential of just 387 mV in fresh water and 100 mA cm −2 at 380 mV in alkaline seawater for OER. Besides the excellent catalytic performances, the developed electrocatalyst appeared to be a durable catalyst as well. An interesting electrocatalytic activation caused by the generous electronic redistribution led the electrocatalyst to achieve great stability over 100 h at a 100 mA cm −2 current density in alkaline real seawater.

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“…[24] Recently, tungsten oxide was used as a catalyst for gas sensor applications due to its high electrical conductivity (1.76 S cm À 1 ) and high surface area (54.3 m 2 g À 1 ). [25] For example, a disposable pH sensor electrode was fabricated by using WO 3 nanoparticle coated carbon fibre cloth (flexible sensor) for accurate pH measurements from 3-10 with the sensitivity of 41.38 mV/pH. [26] In this study, graphene flakes were intercalated with tungstate (WO 4 2À ) ions by a single step electrochemical exfoliation using graphite sheets as electrodes in the sodium tungstate solution by applying a constant voltage of 10 V. The exfoliated graphene-tungstate (GrÀ W) flakes were dispersed in aqueous solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, it has been used in the fabrication of electrochemical sensors for environmental monitoring, [20] food analysis, [21] biosensors [22,23] and thermal sensors [24] . Recently, tungsten oxide was used as a catalyst for gas sensor applications due to its high electrical conductivity (1.76 S cm −1 ) and high surface area (54.3 m 2 g −1 ) [25] . For example, a disposable pH sensor electrode was fabricated by using WO 3 nanoparticle coated carbon fibre cloth (flexible sensor) for accurate pH measurements from 3–10 with the sensitivity of 41.38 mV/pH [26] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Electrochemical Sensing of NADH and NAD⁺ Using Graphene/Tungstate Nanocomposite Modified Electrode

2020

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Reduced form of β‐nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and its oxidized form (NAD+) are the main cofactors involved in more than 300 dehydrogenase reactions. NAD+ is one of the important oxidizing agent for the oxidation of alcohol, aldehyde and ketones. Similarly, NADH has been used for the treatment of Alzheimer and Parkinson's diseases. Herein, we have reported synthesis of graphene flakes by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite in sodium tungstate solution. It was found that tungstate (WO42−) and hydroxyl (OH−) ions were intercalated into graphite layers and enabled the production of graphene flakes. As‐obtained graphene flakes were characterized by UV‐Visible (UV‐Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), Raman, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), Energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) and High‐resolution transmission electron microscopies (HR‐TEM). FT‐IR, Raman and EDX analysis were confirmed that tungstate (WO42−) ions were present on the surface of graphene flakes. Moreover, graphene‐WO42− (Gr−W) dispersion was prepared by probe‐sonication to form a thin‐film on the surface of glassy carbon electrode (Gr−W/GCE). Interestingly, Gr‐W modified GCE reduced the overpotentials of NADH oxidation and NAD+ reduction. This new senor was also showed linear responses for NADH and NAD+ from 10–270 μM and 100–500 μM, respectively. Furthermore, the selectivity of the Gr−W/GCE was tested in the presence of L‐tyrosine, L‐isoleucine, L‐alanine, glutathione, dopamine (DA), ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), oxalic acid (OA), glucose, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), acetaminophen (PA), potassium chloride (KCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl). It was found that selective detection of both NADH and NAD+ could be achieved by using Gr−W/GCE. Finally, the real application of the sensor was demonstrated by accurately detecting spiked NADH concentrations in human blood serum. The recovery analysis was also confirmed that Gr−W/GCE could be useful to detect NADH in biological samples.

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Hybridized Tungsten Oxide Nanostructures for Food Quality Assessment: Fabrication and Performance Evaluation

Cited by 16 publications

References 76 publications

Trace‐Level, Multi‐Gas Detection for Food Quality Assessment Based on Decorated Silicon Transistor Arrays

Trace‐Level, Multi‐Gas Detection for Food Quality Assessment Based on Decorated Silicon Transistor Arrays

Defect Enriched Tungsten Oxide Phosphate with Strategic Sulfur Doping for Effective Seawater Oxidation

Selective Electrochemical Sensing of NADH and NAD⁺ Using Graphene/Tungstate Nanocomposite Modified Electrode

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Hybridized Tungsten Oxide Nanostructures for Food Quality Assessment: Fabrication and Performance Evaluation

Cited by 16 publications

References 76 publications

Trace‐Level, Multi‐Gas Detection for Food Quality Assessment Based on Decorated Silicon Transistor Arrays

Trace‐Level, Multi‐Gas Detection for Food Quality Assessment Based on Decorated Silicon Transistor Arrays

Defect Enriched Tungsten Oxide Phosphate with Strategic Sulfur Doping for Effective Seawater Oxidation

Selective Electrochemical Sensing of NADH and NAD+ Using Graphene/Tungstate Nanocomposite Modified Electrode

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Selective Electrochemical Sensing of NADH and NAD⁺ Using Graphene/Tungstate Nanocomposite Modified Electrode