Hybridization Outcomes Have Strong Genomic and Environmental Contingencies

Brice, Claire; Zhang, Zebin; Bendixsen, Devin P.; Stelkens, Rike

doi:10.1086/715356

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Furthermore, the dynamics of our model depend on the initial strength of heterosis and DMI effects. However, it is difficult to obtain accurate estimates of these parameters because HFEs are influenced by genome composition, environmental circumstances, and the history of the admixing populations ( Edmands 2002 ; Geneva and Garrigan 2010 ; Dagilis et al 2019 ; MacPherson et al 2020 ; Schneemann et al 2020 ; Brice et al 2021 ; Moran et al 2021 ). For these reasons, more theoretical and empirical work is needed to better predict the impact of HFEs in cases of admixture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid fitness effects modify fixation probabilities of introgressed alleles

Pfennig

Lachance

2022

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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Hybridization is a common occurrence in natural populations, and introgression is a major source of genetic variation. Despite the evolutionary importance of adaptive introgression, classical population genetics theory does not take into account hybrid fitness effects (HFEs). Specifically, heterosis (i.e., hybrid vigor) and Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities (DMIs) influence the fates of introgressed alleles. Here, we explicitly account for polygenic, unlinked HFEs when tracking a rare introgressed marker allele. These HFEs quickly decay over time due to repeated backcrossing, enabling a separation-of-timescales approach. Using diffusion and branching process theory in combination with computer simulations, we formalize the intuition behind how HFEs affect introgressed alleles. We find that HFEs can significantly hinder or boost the fixation probability of introgressed alleles, depending on the relative strength of heterosis and DMIs effects. We show that the inclusion of a correction factor (α, representing the compounded effects of HFEs over time) into classic population genetics theory yields accurate fixation probabilities. Despite having a strong impact on the probability of fixation, HFEs only subtly change the distribution of fitness effects of introgressed alleles that reach fixation. Although strong DMI effects may expedite the loss of introgressed alleles, fixation times are largely unchanged by HFEs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid fitness effects modify fixation probabilities of introgressed alleles

Pfennig

Lachance

2022

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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“…A related method for generating such traits of interest in yeast is through controlled mating between domesticated baking strains and environmental strains with traits of interest (Gallone et al, 2016;Oda & Ouchi, 1990). While traditional breeding techniques are often complicated in domesticated yeast by aneuploidy, polyploidy, and decreased viability of offspring, intra-and interspecific hybrids within the Saccharomyces species complex are commonly isolated from natural and fermentation environments and can be readily created in labs (Bozdag et al, 2021;Brice et al, 2021;Krogerus et al, 2021;Naseeb et al, 2021). New techniques exploiting rare viable offspring from hybrid crosses show great promise in generating novel phenotypes of interest in fermentation and other applications (Bozdag et al, 2021;Brice et al, 2021;Krogerus et al, 2021;Naseeb et al, 2021).…”

Section: Insect-associated Non-saccharomyces Yeasts With Relevant Met...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While traditional breeding techniques are often complicated in domesticated yeast by aneuploidy, polyploidy, and decreased viability of offspring, intra-and interspecific hybrids within the Saccharomyces species complex are commonly isolated from natural and fermentation environments and can be readily created in labs (Bozdag et al, 2021;Brice et al, 2021;Krogerus et al, 2021;Naseeb et al, 2021). New techniques exploiting rare viable offspring from hybrid crosses show great promise in generating novel phenotypes of interest in fermentation and other applications (Bozdag et al, 2021;Brice et al, 2021;Krogerus et al, 2021;Naseeb et al, 2021). The three strains of insect-associated S. cerevisiae we investigated as part of a CURE, therefore, offer great potential with regard to the introduction of environmental strain traits into laboratory or baking strains.…”

Section: Insect-associated Non-saccharomyces Yeasts With Relevant Met...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar‐seeking insects as a source of diverse bread‐making yeasts with enhanced attributes

Madden

Lahue

Gordy

et al. 2021

Yeast

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Insects represent a particularly interesting habitat in which to search for novel yeasts of value to industry. Insect-associated yeasts have the potential to have traits relevant to modern food and beverage production due to insect-yeast interactions, with such traits including diverse carbohydrate metabolisms, high sugar tolerance, and general stress tolerance. Here, we consider the potential value of insect-associated yeasts in the specific context of baking. We isolated 63 yeast strains from 13 species of hymenoptera from the United States, representing 37 yeast species from 14 genera. Screening for the ability to ferment maltose, a sugar important for bread production, resulted in the identification of 13 strains of Candida, Lachancea, and Pichia species. We assessed their ability to leaven dough. All strains produced baked loaves comparable to a commercial baking strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The same 13 strains were also grown under various sugar and salt conditions relevant to osmotic challenges experienced in the manufacturing processes and the production of sweet dough. We show that many of these yeast strains, most notably strains of Lachancea species, grow at a similar or higher rate and population size as commercial baker's yeast. We additionally assessed the comparative phenotypes and genetics of insect-associated S. cerevisiae strains unable to ferment maltose and identified baking-relevant traits, including variations in the HOG1 signaling pathway and diverse carbohydrate metabolisms. Our results suggest that non-conventional yeasts have high potential for baking and, more generally, showcase the success of bioprospecting in insects for identifying yeasts relevant for industrial uses. Take Away• We isolated yeasts from insects, identifying 63 strains of yeast from 14 genera.• Maltose fermentation was variable among species and strains.• Non-Saccharomyces yeasts leavened bread comparable to baker's yeast.• Insect-associated yeasts exhibited high osmotolerance and halotolerance.• Hymenoptera are a source for bioprospecting yeast for baking.

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“…For example, hybridization between two species of sunflowers led to new hybrid species with suites of transgressive traits that allowed them to colonize novel sand dune and salt marsh habitats [31, 32]. However, the transgressive effects of hybridization are so myriad [33, 34] that conditions for hybridization triggering the evolution of new species or new ecological niches are still poorly understood and contentious in diploid taxa [35, 36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

We get by with a little help from our friends: shared adaptive variation provides a bridge to novel ecological specialists during adaptive radiation

Richards

Martin

2021

Preprint

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Adaptive radiations involve astounding bursts of phenotypic, ecological, and species diversity. However, the microevolutionary processes that underlie the origins of these bursts are still poorly understood. We report the discovery of a cryptic intermediate wide-mouth scale-eating ecomorph in a recent radiation of Cyprinodon pupfishes which provides crucial information about the evolutionary and ecological transition from a widespread algae-eating generalist to a novel microendemic scale-eating specialist. We first show that this ecomorph occurs in sympatry with generalist C. variegatus and scale-eating specialist C. desquamator across several hypersaline lakes on San Salvador Island, Bahamas, but is genetically differentiated, morphologically distinct when reared in a common garden, and sometimes consumes scales. We then compared the timing of selective sweeps on shared and unique adaptive variants in both scale-eating species to characterize the evolutionary path to scale-eating. We predicted that adaptation to the intermediate wide-mouth scale-eating niche aided in the rapid divergence of the more specialized scale-eater C. desquamator. Therefore, selection for shared adaptive variants would occur first in wide-mouth. Contrary to our prediction, four of the six sets of shared adaptive alleles in both scale-eating species swept significantly earlier in C. desquamator. Adaptive introgression from the specialist into the wide-mouth ancestor may have resulted in parallel evolution of their dietary niche. Conversely, no adaptive alleles for scale-eating were reused in a third sympatric specialist C. brontotheriodes, despite sharing 9% of hard selective sweeps. Our work provides a microevolutionary framework for investigating how diversity begets diversity during adaptive radiation.

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Hybridization Outcomes Have Strong Genomic and Environmental Contingencies

Cited by 10 publications

References 98 publications

Hybrid fitness effects modify fixation probabilities of introgressed alleles

Hybrid fitness effects modify fixation probabilities of introgressed alleles

Sugar‐seeking insects as a source of diverse bread‐making yeasts with enhanced attributes

We get by with a little help from our friends: shared adaptive variation provides a bridge to novel ecological specialists during adaptive radiation

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