Hybridization and Natural Gene‐flow Between Higher Plants

Baker, Herbert G.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.1951.tb01359.x

Cited by 60 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Under a model of divergent or disruptive selection, as shown by Mather (ig), the quantitative rather than qualitative statements about these interacting forces leads to a more appropriate evaluation. For instance, while occasional long range dispersal may have significant effects in establishment of new colonies (Baker, 1951), quantitatively speaking its importance in opposing local differentiation would depend on the values of parameters involved, as we have shown. In fact, under real situations in nature these processes are likely to be far more complex than visualised in our model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Evolutionary divergence among adjacent plant populations I. The evidence and its theoretical analysis

1966

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Evolutionary divergence among adjacent plant populations I. The evidence and its theoretical analysis

1966

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“…Natural interspecific hybridization has in many groups, and speciation via hybridlong been recognized as a common phe-ization has been implicated in the origin of nomenon in many plant groups (Anderson, at least one family of vertebrates (catosto-1949;Baker, 1951;Heiser, 1949;Stebbins, mid fishes, Uyeno andSmith, 1972). 1950), and hybrids have received consid- Stebbins (1974) pointed to "difficult generable attention from plant biosystematists era" as those in which hybrids are likely to (e.g., V. Grant, 1971;W.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hybrids and Phylogenetic Systematics I. Patterns of Character Expression in Hybrids and Their Implications for Cladistic Analysis

McDade

1990

Evolution

118

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Abstract. -Interspecific hybridization is considered common among plants, but the methods of cladistic systematics produce only divergently branching phylogenetic hypotheses and thus cannot give the correct phylogeny ifan analysis includes hybrids. Empirical studies ofthe impact ofknown hybrids on phylogenetic analysis are lacking, and are necessary to begin to understand the problems that we face if hybrids are often included in cladistic analysis. Examination of the implications of hybrids for cladistics must begin with patterns of character expression in hybrids. This study includes 17 hybrids and their nine parental taxa that are Central American species ofAphelandra (Acanthaceae), analyzed using a set of50 morphological characters. The hybrids are overwhelmingly intermediate as quantitatively scored for phylogenetic analysis. They express maternal and paternal, and primitive and derived characters in equal frequencies, showing no evidence of predominant inheritance of derived character states as has been assumed by most cladists who have considered hybrids theoretically. Because oftheir known genetic constitution, hybrids were useful in homology assessment and ordering character states. The parental character set was generally robust, but some changes were made to reflect the special evidence offered by the hybrids. These hybrids suggest that the inclusion of hybrids in phylogenetic analysis will not lead to unresolved cladograms with rampant homoplasy, as has been predicted by other authors. Instead, the patterns of character inheritance in these hybrids lead to the prediction that a hybrid will be placed by phylogenetic analysis as a basal lineage to the clade that includes its most derived parent, with relatively little effect on homoplasy. These predictions will be evaluated by incorporation of the hybrids in phylogenetic analyses, to be reported in a subsequent paper.

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“…However, almost all cases where Anderson's graphical techniques have been used to study introgression have been concerned with current rather than past introgression. (The literature surveyed on this point was limited largely to the references cited in reviews by Anderson, 1949Anderson, , 1953Heiser, 1949;Allan, 1937Allan, , 1949Baker, 1951;and Clifford, 1961.) The results obtained in this experiment suggest that one reason for this could be that the technique may be dependent upon correlations caused by overlapping hybrid and backcross gen- erations, rather than upon linkage per se.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Correlation and the Structure of Introgressive Populations

Goodman

1966

Evolution

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Hybridization and Natural Gene‐flow Between Higher Plants

Cited by 60 publications

References 124 publications

Evolutionary divergence among adjacent plant populations I. The evidence and its theoretical analysis

Evolutionary divergence among adjacent plant populations I. The evidence and its theoretical analysis

Hybrids and Phylogenetic Systematics I. Patterns of Character Expression in Hybrids and Their Implications for Cladistic Analysis

Correlation and the Structure of Introgressive Populations

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