Hybrid Zinc-Based Multilayer Systems with Improved Protective Ability against Localized Corrosion Incorporating Polymer-Modified ZnO or CuO Particles

Abstract

Localized corrosion and biofouling cause very serious problems in the marine industries, often related to financial losses and environmental accidents. Aiming to minimize the abovementioned, two types of hybrid Zn-based protective coatings have been composed. They consist of a very thin underlayer of polymer-modified ZnO or CuO nanoparticles and toplayer of galvanic zinc with a thickness of ~14 µm. In order to stabilize the suspensions of CuO or ZnO, respectively, a cationic polyelectrolyte polyethylenimine (PEI) is used. The polymer-modified nanoparticles are electrodeposited on the steel (cathode) surface at very low cathodic current density and following pH values: 1/CuO at pH 9.0, aiming to minimize the effect of aggregation in the suspension and dissolution of the CuO nanoparticles; 2/ZnO at pH 7.5 due to the dissolution of ZnO. Thereafter, ordinary zinc coating is electrodeposited on the CuO or ZnO coated low-carbon steel substrate from a zinc electrolyte at pH 4.5–5.0. The two-step approach described herein can be used for the preparation of hybrid coatings where preservation of particles functionality is required. The distribution of the nanoparticles on the steel surface and morphology of the hybrid coatings are studied by scanning electron microscopy. The thickness of the coatings is evaluated by a straight optical microscope and cross-sections. The protective properties of both systems are investigated in a model corrosive medium of 5% NaCl solution by application of potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) curves, open circuit potential (OCP), cyclic voltammetry (CVA), and polarization resistance (Rp) measurements. The results obtained allow us to conclude that both hybrid coatings with embedded polymer-modified CuO or ZnO nanoparticles ensure enhanced corrosion resistance and protective ability compared to the ordinary zinc.

Hybrid Zinc Coating with CuO Nanocontainers Containing Corrosion Inhibitor for Combined Protection of Mild Steel from Corrosion and Biofouling

“…The addition of PEI enhanced the stability of the CuO suspension against aggregation due to the increase in the particles' zeta potentials. Recently, the role of similar CuO nanoparticles that were electrodeposited directly on the steel substrate was examined as part of a hybrid zinc coating with a different arrangement of layers [21]. The newly obtained coating with incorporated polymeric-modified CuO nanoparticles is designated as Zn/CuO.…”

Corrosion Resistance Enhancement for Low Carbon Steel by Gas Phase Coating

“…In general, a protective coating made of Zn and Zn alloys is used for a wide variety of applications, including carbon steel to prevent corrosion. Zn coatings have excellent resistance to corrosion and the possibility for economic competitiveness [25]- [29]. On the other hand, adding nitrogen gas to steel through the nitriding process leads to improving the surface properties, such as increasing the corrosion resistance by the formation of nitriding layers [30]- [31].…”