Hybrid strategy for routing, modulation and spectrum assignment in elastic optical networks

Assis, K. D. R.; Santos, Alex Ferreira dos; Almeida, Raul C.; Oliveira, Thiale M. A. de; Vieira, Rafael Andrade; Mesquita, Leonardo Almeida Jacobina; Correia, Felipe Pinheiro; Pereira, Helder A.

doi:10.1007/s11082-021-03273-4

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…For instance, in [13], the authors proposed a pure ILP model for ring network topologies computed until eight nodes. To avoid this, some authors use mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) [20], which solves only one part of the problem using ILP methods.…”

Section: Relevant Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bandwidth-Balanced RMLSA Solution for Static Elastic Optical Network: A Two Stages Approach

2022

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This paper addresses one of the main tasks in transparent static elastic optical networks (EONs), known as the routing, modulation level, and spectrum assignment (RMLSA) problem. We present, for the first time, a two-stage RMLSA solution, focusing on reducing spectrum consumption (or network capacity). The first macro stage, called least demand bandwidth balance (LDBB), relies on a physical layer impairment (PLI) model to jointly compute the connections' route and modulation level (RML). We use a new balancing criterion that effectively distributes each network link's frequency slot unit (FSU) demands, exemplifying three different balancing functions based on the maximum number of FSUs on the links and the total number of FSUs demanded and the cost of the route. In the last macro stage, using all connections chosen paths, we perform the spectrum assignment (SA) process using two specific connections prioritization criteria. We propose two SA algorithms, called sliding-fit (SF) and parcel-fit (PF), reducing the spectrum consumption. These algorithms change the SA paradigm by searching connections for a given subset of the frequency spectrum, contrary to the search of FSUs for a given connection in standard approaches. In all cases, our solution exhibited a lower total network capacity than the commonly used strategies found in the literature, with an average network capacity reduction of 5.7 % FSUs. In addition, our proposal may be used to easily dimension network capacity and determine how many extra resources may be needed to attend to all network users.

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Section: Relevant Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bandwidth-Balanced RMLSA Solution for Static Elastic Optical Network: A Two Stages Approach

2022

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Impact of doping profiles on the formation of laser-active centers in bismuth-doped GeO₂–SiO₂ glass fibers

Alyshev,

Vakhrushev,

Khegai

et al. 2024

Photon. Res.

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Multi-wavelength-band transmission technology based on the exploitation of the extended spectral region is considered as a potential approach to increase the transmission capacity in the deployed fiber-optic communication infrastructure. The development of optical amplifiers operating in the O-, E-, S-, and U-telecom bands is an extremely important challenge for the successful implementation of this technology. Bismuth-doped fibers are of increasing interest as gain materials, which can be used to provide broadband amplification in the mentioned telecom bands. This is due to the ability of Bi ions incorporated into glass network to form bismuth active centers (BACs) with specific optical properties, which are primarily determined by the glass modifiers. In this work, the impact of the doping profiles of both Ge atoms as glass modifiers and Bi ions on the BACs formation is studied using a series of bismuth-doped fibers fabricated by the modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) technique. The Bi-to-BACs conversion efficiency in various spatial regions of the studied samples is presented. It is turned out that for high-Bi concentration regions, the conversion efficiency is very low (less than 10%). In addition, the relationship of the conversion efficiency to the distribution of Bi ions and/or Ge atoms is discussed. Finally, a continuous-wave laser at 1.46 μm with a record slope efficiency of 80% is demonstrated using a Bi-doped fiber with confined doping profile, where the Bi-to-BACs conversion efficiency is 35%. This paper provides new information which might help to facilitate understanding of the features of Bi-doped fibers and their potentially achievable characteristics.

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Hybrid strategy for routing, modulation and spectrum assignment in elastic optical networks

Cited by 2 publications

References 38 publications

A Bandwidth-Balanced RMLSA Solution for Static Elastic Optical Network: A Two Stages Approach

A Bandwidth-Balanced RMLSA Solution for Static Elastic Optical Network: A Two Stages Approach

Impact of doping profiles on the formation of laser-active centers in bismuth-doped GeO₂–SiO₂ glass fibers

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Hybrid strategy for routing, modulation and spectrum assignment in elastic optical networks

Cited by 2 publications

References 38 publications

A Bandwidth-Balanced RMLSA Solution for Static Elastic Optical Network: A Two Stages Approach

A Bandwidth-Balanced RMLSA Solution for Static Elastic Optical Network: A Two Stages Approach

Impact of doping profiles on the formation of laser-active centers in bismuth-doped GeO2–SiO2 glass fibers

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Impact of doping profiles on the formation of laser-active centers in bismuth-doped GeO₂–SiO₂ glass fibers