Hybrid Sources Powered Electric Vehicle Configuration and Integrated Optimal Power Management Strategy

Abstract

Internal Combustion Engine based transportation rapidly increases the impact on the environment. The burning of fossil fuels in the industries and transportation sector breadth of global warming. However, Hybrid Electric Vehicle is not a permanent solution for emission-less road vehicles. Therefore, electric vehicles are the most feasible technologies to attain the goals of energy savings and zero-emission road vehicles. This paper sequentially surveys the key point of vehicles like; Powertrain strategy, configuration, fuel economy, reduced emission, and control strategy expounds in terms of its basic principles, pros, and cons. These key points make the energy management strategy more conclusive for the more efficient vehicle. In addition, this paper review systematically qualitative and quantitative algorithm in all type of EMS used in HEV and compare them with existing approaches in terms of pros & cons through a comprehensive analysis. Furthermore, addressed the potential research gap and provide the directives for further development in power train and ems in every respect.

Linear Parameter-Varying Model Predictive Control for Intelligent Energy Management in Battery/Supercapacitor Electric Vehicles

“…Similarly, for the SC, given (5), the discrete equation of the SoV is obtained through the FE method, as shown in (12).…”

“…The battery can take advantage of the HESS when coupled with a suitable supervisory controller; otherwise, improper hybridization might yield undesirable results [10]. The energy management strategy (EMS), as a supervisory controller, facilitates the practical implementation of hybridization by splitting the power flow within the HESS while considering predefined objectives and constraints [11], [12]. EMSs in EVs can be broadly classified into two main categories: rule-based and optimization-based EMSs.…”

Power management system for a hybrid energy storage electric vehicle using fuzzy logic controller

“…The gearless design of this vehicle provides improved dependability and reduces noise output. Moreover, the design with fewer mechanical parts lowers the frequency and severity of necessary repairs [24]- [27].…”

Reliability analysis of an automated radial distribution feeder for different configurations and considering the effect of forecasted electrical vehicle charging stations

“…The reliability is evaluated [14]- [17] by adding equal increment in load and unequal increment of load on distribution system [18]- [20]. The reliability indices are increasing with addition of load [21]- [23], the problem of increase in reliability indices are reduced through reconfiguring the distribution network explained by Chakraborty [24]. When Electric vehicles take over the highways, they need to charge them.…”