Hybrid reduced graphene oxide/TiO2/graphitic carbon nitride composites with improved photocatalytic activity for organic pollutant degradation

Lin, Ping; Hu, Haihua; Lv, Huiru; Ding, Zixuan; Xu, Lingbo; Qian, Degui; Wang, Peng; Pan, Jiaqi; Li, Chaorong

doi:10.1007/s00339-018-1933-6

Cited by 37 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…All are characteristic for g-C 3 N 4 material. The extra vibrational region between 3000-3300 cm −1 , although not directly related to the g-C 3 N 4 structure, is commonly found in this compound [5,24], and can be associated with H 2 O absorption and possible N-H bonds at the surface. Figure 1B shows characteristic functional vibrations of FTIR spectra of the prepared pure TiO 2 nanoparticles, TiO 2 /rGO, TiO 2 /CN nanocomposites, and the rGO@TiO 2 /CN hybrid photocatalyst.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As a catalyst, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) was employed already very early; however, its photocatalytic application is limited due to the high recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers and efficiency for photodegradation under abundant sunlight. The latter is due to TiO 2 s wide bandgap energy of 3.2 eV, which makes merely 5% of the sunlight energy effective for the reaction [5]. Given the importance of water remediation and in order to employ this fascinating, cheap, and harmless compound in other applications, many strategies have been implemented [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This photocatalytic reaction can facilely be realized by introducing a metal sink into a twosemiconductor heterojunction, by using noble metal nanoparticles, for example [11]. Very promising and mostly cheaper, however, are composites of graphene oxide/TiO 2 /graphitic carbon nitride [5,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The preparation of a three-component hybrid (rGO/TiO 2 /CN) photocatalyst has been used for different photocatalytic reactions [5,12,13,23]. However, in our opinion, many more experiments will have to be performed to explore the full potential of this exciting new material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Hybrid rGO@TiO2/CN Nanocomposite for Organic Pollutant Degradation under Solar Light Irradiation

et al. 2021

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The three-component hybrid (rGO/TiO2/CN) nanocomposite was prepared in order to enhance the photocatalytic properties of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) under solar-like irradiation. The rGO/TiO2/CN was prepared in a mixture of the reduced graphene oxide (rGO, 8 wt%), anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, 16 wt%). It was self-assembled through the one-step hydrothermal method, followed by an annealing process. The photocatalyst was thoroughly characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) nitrogen adsorption/desorption technique and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2, TiO2/rGO, TiO2/CN and hybrid rGO/TiO2/CN nanocomposite was studied through the degradation of a rhodamine B (RhB) aqueous solution under solar-like irradiation. The results showed that the highest photocatalytic activity was achieved by the rGO/TiO2/CN mixture, which can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the incorporation of both rGO and g-C3N4 with TiO2. Further, the influence of the pH value of the RhB dye aqueous solution and different water matrix (Milli-Q, tap, and alkaline water) on the photocatalytic efficiency of the rGO/TiO2/CN nanocomposite was examined. In addition, a recycle test was performed for hybrid rGO@TiO2/CN to investigate the effectiveness of the photodegradation of RhB dye in three successive cycles. The conducted results indicate that the pH value of RhB dye aqueous solution and water matrices play an important role in the photocatalytic degradation rate.

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Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Hybrid rGO@TiO2/CN Nanocomposite for Organic Pollutant Degradation under Solar Light Irradiation

et al. 2021

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“…TiO 2 was regarded as a promising candidate for energy production and removal of environmental pollutants due to its good performance, low cost, excellent environment friendliness, and high chemical stability . The VB of TiO 2 is composed of an O 2p orbit with a potential of ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of direct Z‐scheme g‐C₃N₄/TiO₂ nanorod composites for promoting photocatalytic activity

Liu

Wei

Chen

et al. 2019

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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Direct Z‐scheme g‐C3N4/TiO2 nanorod composites were prepared for enhancing photocatalytic activity for pollutant removal. The characterization revealed that the g‐C3N4/TiO2 nanorod composite formed a close interface contact between g‐C3N4 and TiO2 nanorods, which was of benefit for the charge transfer and resulted in its high photocatalytic activity. The g‐C3N4/TiO2 nanorod composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity for degradation of Rhodamine B (RHB) than bare g‐C3N4 and TiO2 nanorods. The high photocatalytic activity of g‐C3N4/TiO2 nanorod composites is attributed to the formation of the direct Z‐scheme system, in which the electrons from the conduction band (CB) of TiO2 combine with the holes from the valence band (VB) of C3N4 while the electrons from the CB of C3N4 and holes from the VB of TiO2 with stronger redox ability are used to reduce and oxidize pollutants. Based on the radical‐trapping experiments, the main reactive species for RHB degradation are O2− and ·OH, which are produced by photoinduced electrons and holes with high redox ability. This work provides insights into the photocatalytic mechanism of composite materials for the photocatalytic removal of organic pollutants.

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Bi₂WO₆ Incorporation of g‐C₃N₄ to Enhance the Photocatalytic N₂ Reduction Reaction and Antibiotic Pollutants Removal

Dhanaraman,

Verma,

Chen

et al. 2024

Solar RRL

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Synthesis of ammonia from photocatalytic N2 reduction is challenging due to the fast recombination of electron‐hole pairs and the low selectivity of N2 on catalysts. This can be addressed by creating heterojunctions to separate the photogenerated carriers adequately. In this regard, we synthesized BW/g‐C3N4 and varied the weight percentage of g‐C3N4. The best photocatalytic activity for N2 reduction reaction (N2RR) was achieved with a ratio of BW/gC3N4 in 3.5:2 ratio, deemed to be the optimized heterojunction. N2‐temperature programmed desorption analysis showed outstanding chemisorption of N2 adsorbed on the BW/g‐C3N4 surface compared to pristine g‐C3N4 and BW. Additionally, forming a heterojunction enhanced the charge transfer process and well‐separated electron‐hole pairs, significantly boosting the water oxidation process on the catalytic surface. Photoelectrochemical analysis revealed that BW/g‐C3N4 exhibits the shortest hole relaxation lifetime and higher current density than its pristine counterparts. The robust contact between g‐C3N4 and BW reduced the work function of BW/g‐C3N4 based on ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy data. Ammonia production with the optimized BW/gC3N4 3.5:2 was 5.3 and 2.1 times higher than pure g‐C3N4 and Bi2WO6, respectively. Meanwhile, BW/g‐C3N4 demonstrates excellent photocatalytic activity towards antibiotic pollutant degradation as well. After 150 minutes of visible light irradiation, the removal of 94% ciprofloxacin (CIP) was observed. Finally, a possible mechanism is proposed for photocatalytic N2RR and CIP degradation.TOC: The distinctive feature of the Bi2WO6/g‐C3N4 hybrid is its innovative combination of Bi2WO6/g‐C3N4, creating a specialized interface that maximizes visible light absorption, enhances charge separation, and facilitates both N2 reduction reaction and pollutant degradation, and making a promising material for sustainable environmental application.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Hybrid reduced graphene oxide/TiO2/graphitic carbon nitride composites with improved photocatalytic activity for organic pollutant degradation

Cited by 37 publications

References 47 publications

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Hybrid rGO@TiO2/CN Nanocomposite for Organic Pollutant Degradation under Solar Light Irradiation

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Hybrid rGO@TiO2/CN Nanocomposite for Organic Pollutant Degradation under Solar Light Irradiation

Construction of direct Z‐scheme g‐C₃N₄/TiO₂ nanorod composites for promoting photocatalytic activity

Bi₂WO₆ Incorporation of g‐C₃N₄ to Enhance the Photocatalytic N₂ Reduction Reaction and Antibiotic Pollutants Removal

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Hybrid reduced graphene oxide/TiO2/graphitic carbon nitride composites with improved photocatalytic activity for organic pollutant degradation

Cited by 37 publications

References 47 publications

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Hybrid rGO@TiO2/CN Nanocomposite for Organic Pollutant Degradation under Solar Light Irradiation

Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Hybrid rGO@TiO2/CN Nanocomposite for Organic Pollutant Degradation under Solar Light Irradiation

Construction of direct Z‐scheme g‐C3N4/TiO2 nanorod composites for promoting photocatalytic activity

Bi2WO6 Incorporation of g‐C3N4 to Enhance the Photocatalytic N2 Reduction Reaction and Antibiotic Pollutants Removal

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Product

Resources

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Construction of direct Z‐scheme g‐C₃N₄/TiO₂ nanorod composites for promoting photocatalytic activity

Bi₂WO₆ Incorporation of g‐C₃N₄ to Enhance the Photocatalytic N₂ Reduction Reaction and Antibiotic Pollutants Removal