Hybrid PV System with High Speed Flywheel Energy Storage for Remote Residential Loads

Abstract

Due to low system inertia in microgrids, frequencies may vary rapidly from the nominal value, leading to the complete blackout of the system unless there is an adequate spinning reserve available for balancing the supply with the demand load. This issue of instability in microgrids under islanded operation has attracted particular attention recently. A diesel generator is considered to be an ideal spinning reserve to provide back-up power to the load along with the renewable energy source in islanded system. However, the high maintenance cost and CO2 emissions of diesel generator are detrimental factors which have inspired searches for more cost effective and cleaner technologies. The integration of an energy storage system (ESS) in islanded system along with generator not only reduces generator maintenance costs but also reduces the CO2 emissions by limiting its operating hours. This paper proposes an islanded PV hybrid microgrid system (PVHMS) utilizing flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) as an alternative to battery technology to support the PV system and meet the peak demand of a small residential town with 100 dwellings. The diesel generator is used in the islanded system as a spinning reserve to maintain the stability of the islanded system when the PV system and flywheel storage cannot meet the load demand. Results of analysis of such a system demonstrate that flywheel energy storage technology of appropriate size offers a viable solution to support the operation of the standalone PV system. Furthermore, the reduction in CO2 emissions and fuel consumption has been quantified as compared with the case with flywheel energy storage systems which means the diesel generator but always be operating.

Energy Storage Systems for Photovoltaic and Wind Systems: A Review

“…The multi-storage systems used in wind turbine systems are summarized in Table 14 [104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123]. They offer a range of benefits in terms of energy storage capacity, efficiency, environmental impact, reliability, and flexibility.…”

Research on Control Strategy of High-Speed Grid-Connected FESS (Flywheel Energy Storage System) Based on Dual-PWM Converter

“…Under the role of the new power system, by connecting the ES (energy storage) unit in the network, the user demand concerning the side of power supply can be adjusted, the supply and demand balance pressure of the load side user can be alleviated, and the system stability can be improved [2]. Countries around the world, such as China, the United States, the United Kingdom, Iran and Nigeria, have conducted research on energy storage technology to improve the stability of power systems [3][4][5][6][7][8][9], breaking through the key technology of large-scale energy storage in the power system [10], developed a variety of energy storage structure forms [11], forming an energy storage scheme suitable for different places and environments [12][13][14]. Flywheel energy storage has attracted amount of attention concerning a competitive ES (energy storage) technology in the current energy 'carbon peak and carbon neutrality' due to its significant advantages of large instantaneous output, long life, low loss and not limited geographical environment [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Standby Losses Reduction Method for Flywheels Energy Storage System Based on Hybrid Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation

“…As residents' awareness of environmental protection increases, the proportion of clean energy generation, including wind and solar power, is gradually increasing in total power generation. However, the instability of wind and solar energy poses challenges for ensuring the quality of the power grid [1][2]. In order to provide high-quality and continuous electricity to the power grid, energy storage systems (ESS) play a crucial role.…”