Hybrid PEDOT–Metal Nanoparticles – New Substitutes for PEDOT:PSS in Electrochromic Layers – Towards Improved Performance

Sun

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

Conductive polymers have been increasingly used as fuel cell catalyst support due to their electrical conductivity, large surface areas and stability. The incorporation of metal nanoparticles into a polymer matrix can effectively increase the specific surface area of these materials and hence improve the catalytic efficiency. In this work, a nanoparticle loaded conductive polymer nanocomposite was obtained by a one-step synthesis approach based on room temperature direct current plasma-liquid interaction. Gold nanoparticles were directly synthesized from HAuCl4 precursor in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). The resulting AuNPs/PEDOT:PSS nanocomposites were subsequently characterized under a practical alkaline direct ethanol fuel cell operation condition for its potential application as an electrocatalyst. Results show that AuNPs sizes within the PEDOT:PSS matrix are dependent on the plasma treatment time and precursor concentration, which in turn affect the nanocomposites electrical conductivity and their catalytic performance. Under certain synthesis conditions, unique nanoscale AuNPs/PEDOT:PSS core-shell structures could also be produced, indicating the interaction at the AuNPs/polymer interface. The enhanced catalytic activity shown by AuNPs/PEDOT:PSS has been attributed to the effective electron transfer and reactive species diffusion through the porous polymer network, as well as the synergistic interfacial interaction at the metal/polymer and metal/metal interfaces.

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoparticle-polymer nanocomposites synthesized by room temperature atmospheric pressure plasma and their potential for fuel cell electrocatalytic application

Sun

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

“…The immobilization of SN in a polythiophene layer on the surface of vitreous carbon may be used to obtain multilayer composites with enhanced conduction [135]. Composites with conductivity reaching 1.25 S/cm due to efficient charge transfer between SN and the matrix were obtained by the polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene in an aqueous solution of AgNO 3 acting as a cooxidizing agent [136]. Nanocomposites derived from poly(3-hexylthiophene), [6,6]-phenyl-C 61 -butyl butyrate, and SN obtained in situ have been used for the preparation of electrodes in solar cells with efficiency reaching 4.3% [137].…”

Section: Hybrid Systems With An Organic Polymer Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation, Structure, and Properties of Hybrid Polymer Composites Containing Silver Clusters and Nanoparticles

Tolstov

2015

Theor Exp Chem

The major methods for the preparation of silver-containing polymer composite nanosystems and the formation of their hybrid structure are examined. Special attention is focused on a new class of silver-containing hybrid systems, namely, organic-inorganic coordination polymers, obtained by the self-assembly of silver complexes. The effect of intercomponent interaction on the structure and properties of these hybrid composites was examined.The creation of new improved materials is an important goal of modern chemistry and materials science. Polymer composites with hybrid structure are among such materials and hold interest since they display a combination of properties characteristic for each of the inorganic and organic components [1-3] and, in some cases, unique properties related to the specific nature of their structure [4]. From a modern viewpoint, hybrid organic-inorganic materials are formed by the combination of components, differing in their chemical nature, on a molecular or nano level through formation of chemical bonds ((non)covalent bonds, hydrogen bonding, and donor-acceptor bonds) or weaker physical bonds (van der Waals and electrostatic interactions) [5]. Special attention is given to the stability of the nanodispersed components due to interaction between the nanophase and various stabilizers [6]. The interest in silver-containing hybrid polymer composite materials, including nanocomposites, which, by their very nature, are a priori hybrid systems, is attributed to a set of properties of the matrix itself, which often possesses hybrid structure, properties of silver in ionic and nanodispersed forms, and new properties related to the appearance of hybrid silver-polymer structures [7,8]. Special interest is presently found in bionanocomposites derived from biopolymers and silver nanoparticles (SN), which display specific physicochemical properties, in particular, electrochemical, photochemical, and catalytic properties highly dependent on the dimensions and polydispersion of the nanophase [9, 10] as well as biological activity due to the ionization of the metal atoms in the presence of H 2 O/O 2 and the interaction between the SN surface and functional groups of the various biomolecules [11].In light of the important role of the polymer matrix in formation of the major structural characteristics and properties of silver-containing hybrid systems, we should classify these materials according to their chemical structure.Composites with Silver Nanoparticles (SN) Dispersed in a Polymer Matrix with Hybrid Structure. The major distinguishing feature of such materials is the prior synthesis of the hybrid polymer matrix obtained due to the formation of chemical bonds between the organic and inorganic components with subsequent introduction of SN into the system. The synthesis of the SN may be either in situ or ex situ. 740040-5760/15/5102-0074

“…In addition, higher electroactivity and lower band-gap energy have been achieved [15]. The incorporation of AuNPs and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to the nanocomposite of well-known and widely studied polythiophene derivative poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was performed during oxidative polymerization by Mumtaz et al [16]. PEDOT-metal particle composites possessed increased coloration efficiency, 3-4 times enhanced contrast ratio, and 4-5 times faster switching between bleached and colored states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposited Gold Nanostructures for the Enhancement of Electrochromic Properties of PANI–PEDOT Film Deposited on Transparent Electrode

et al. 2020

Conjugated polymers (CPs) are attractive materials for use in different areas; nevertheless, the enhancement of electrochromic stability and switching time is still necessary to expand the commercialization of electrochromic devices. To our best knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the employment of electrodeposited gold nanostructures (AuNS) for the enhancement of CPs’ electrochromic properties when a transparent electrode is used as a substrate. Polyaniline–poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PANI-PEDOT) films were electrodeposited on a transparent indium tin oxide glass electrode, which was pre-modified by two different methods. AuNS were electrodeposited at −0.2 V constant potential for 60 s using both the 1st method (synthesis solution consisted of 3 mM HAuCl4 and 0.1 M H2SO4) and 2nd method (15 mM HAuCl4 and 1 M KNO3) resulting in an improvement of optical contrast by 3% and 22%, respectively. Additionally, when using the 1st method, the coloration efficiency was improved by 50% while the switching time was reduced by 17%. Furthermore, in both cases, the employment of AuNS resulted in an enhancement of the electrochromic stability of the CPs layer. A further selection of AuNS pre-modification conditions with the aim to control their morphology and size can be a possible stepping stone for the further improvement of CPs electrochromic properties.