Hybrid Nanostructures Containing Sulfadiazine Modified Chitosan as Antimicrobial Drug Carriers

Abstract

Chitosan (CH) nanofibrous structures containing sulfadiazine (SDZ) or sulfadiazine modified chitosan (SCH) in the form of functional nanoparticles attached to nanofibers (hybrid nanostructures) were obtained by mono-axial and coaxial electrospinning. The mono-axial design consisted of a SDZ/CH mixture solution fed through a single nozzle while the coaxial design consisted of SCH and CH solutions separately supplied to the inner and outer nozzle (or in reverse order). The CH ability to form nanofibers assured the formation of a nanofiber mesh, while SDZ and SCH, both in form of suspensions in the electrospun solution, assured the formation of active nanoparticles which remained attached to the CH nanofiber mesh after the electrospinning process. The obtained nanostructures were morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The SDZ release profiles and kinetics were analyzed. The SDZ or SCH nanoparticles loosely attached at the surface of the nanofibers, provide a burst release in the first 20 min, which is important to stop the possible initial infection in a wound, while the SDZ and SCH from the nanoparticles which are better confined (or even encapsulated) into the CH nanofibers would be slowly released with the erosion/disruption of the CH nanofiber mesh.

Polymeric Nanocomposites and Nanocoatings for Food Packaging: A Review

“…Although physical adsorption may be useful in some applications, covalent immobilization provides the most stable controllable bonds, between the bioactive compound and the functionalized polymer surface [ 155 ]. Optima conditions of activation by each method or compound to be linked were established by varying the exposure parameters and determination of the dependence of the surface wettability and morphology on these [ 146 , 147 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 ].…”

“…A wide range of applications are known for such fibres as improvement of physico-chemical and functional properties of biopolymer based materials by means of a controlled release of active compounds or by enhancing the dispersion of nano-additives into the biopolymer matrices. The nano encapsulation/ entrapment can reduce the amount of active ingredients needed to obtain certain functionality and also their controlled release [ 158 , 188 , 190 ]. Nanofiber-based systems for antimicrobial food packaging and food contact surface applications contain antimicrobial fibre-base mats as coating of the packaging material, improve their activity in maintaining an optimal effect during the food storage period.…”

Electrospun poly(lactic acid) nanofibers loaded with silver sulfadiazine/[Mg–Al]‐layered double hydroxide as an antimicrobial wound dressing

“…The SDZ release profile from the PLA/SDZ scaffold (Figure 5A[3]) was similar to that of pure SDZ, suggesting a little influence of the PLA matrix in the SDZ release process. This result may be due to a low affinity between SDZ and PLA . The lower SDZ concentration values observed are due the lower amount of SDZ in the PLA scaffold in relation to the pure drug.…”

Vegetable Additives in Food Packaging Polymeric Materials

“…Electrospun antibacterial and antifungal coatings form the base solid package: Antibacterial and antifungal active elements can be incorporated in chitosan matrices by electrospinning [159], for example, antibacterial polylactic acid/AgNPs/vitamin E nanofibers presented antioxidant activity during tests on fresh apple and apple juice due to reduced polyphenol oxidase activity, which make this materials a potential preservative packaging for fruits and juices [160]. The electrospun nanofibers containing low amounts of bioactive substances can be coated onto various substrates [161,162].…”