Hybrid membranes of sulfonated poly ether ether ketone, ionic liquid and organically modified montmorillonite for proton exchange membranes with enhanced ionic conductivity and ionic liquid lixiviation protection

Arias, Jose Jonathan Rubio; Dutra, José Carlos Charamba; Gomes, Aílton de Souza

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2017.05.044

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The membranes system possessed high conductivity (78 mS/cm at 70 C) whilst having plasticization effect resulted by the clay (MMT) and ionic liquid besides showing resistance to ionic liquid lixiviation. 81 High portion of Mmtdema somehow was claimed to help increase the conductivity and led to synergistic effect between both Grotthus and Vehicular transport mechanisms for PEMFC application. SPEEK-based PEM showed good fabrication with MMT as if modification of the sulfonation degree must be correct.…”

Section: Pem-based With Montmorillonite As a Conductive Fillermentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotube, graphene oxide and montmorillonite as conductive fillers in polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell: an overview

2020

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Summary This study discusses three conductive materials—carbon nanotube, graphene oxide, and montmorillonite which recently being used as fillers in membranes of fuel cell application and commonly hybridized with polymers as the matrix. The polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is using a polymer‐based membrane as the electrolyte, which might require filler or functionalization to enhance their cell performance. This review provides brief information for the researcher who insists on improving the current PEM using these potential fillers, specified with required values of membrane properties measurement. It also entails the special features of the nanofillers concerning their chemical structure and electrochemical properties based on recent studies. As electricity is generated from an external fuel source, the membranes that are used should be more than 0.1 S/cm of proton conductivity, low fuel permeability (< 1.37 x 10−6 cm2/s), cheap, and high stability in dry and wet condition. PEM is widely being utilized together with filler(s) incorporated as a purpose to overcome recent drawbacks encountered by the commercial Nafion membrane solely. Hence, the fillers embedded in the membrane are necessarily to have the promising characteristics, acknowledging the potential performances of three conductive nanofillers of (a) carbon nanotubes which is well‐known of its electrical conducting potential with three cylindrical design, (b) graphene oxide which is a reactive carbonaceous material with its multifunctional groups and (c) montmorillonite which is one of the clay types that has tetrahedral and octahedral layers of alumina‐silicates for producing better hybrid polymer electrolyte membrane. Highlights Carbon nanotube, graphene oxide, and montmorillonite are highly promising conductive fillers with outstanding cell performances based on previous studies. Carbon nanotube, graphene oxide, and montmorillonite are chosen as incorporated fillers recently due to their rolling up direction (chirality vector of graphene sheet), reactive functional groups attached on the carbon atoms and ionic multilayers of the tetrahedral and octahedral sheet, respectively. High proton conductivity, low electronic conductivity, low fuel permeability, low water transport, low production cost, and high mechanical stability in both dry and wet condition are properties that should be portrayed by a good hybrid membrane.

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Section: Pem-based With Montmorillonite As a Conductive Fillermentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotube, graphene oxide and montmorillonite as conductive fillers in polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell: an overview

2020

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“…The resistivity of the membrane is directly proportional to the surface area of the membrane [44]. The protons flow through the membrane molecularly by two mediums and these are proton hopping or Grotthuss Mechanism and movement by means of diffusion [45,46]. There is movement of the protons from one a specific hydrolysed ionic site (SO 3 -H 3 O + ) to another specific region on the membrane.…”

Section: Proton Electron Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel cell membranes – Pros and cons

Ogungbemi

Ijaodola

Khatib

et al. 2019

Energy

170

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This investigation provides a critical analysis of the development of PEM fuel cells and related research with specific focus on the membrane material. The catalytic membrane is the most important component of the PEMFC giving rise to the need for the use of efficient, durable and cheap material to reduce the overall cost of the fuel cell. In this work, the need for materials other than Nafion to be used as PEM membranes is established and a case for the use of composite membranes material in fuel cells is made. Composite membranes increase the cell voltage by up to 11% even at high cell operating temperature of 95°C. They also increase the overall performance of the cell by up to 17% when dry hydrogen is utilised.Non-fluorinated membranes are also suitable for use in fuel cells for portable applications but they are very expensive and less conductive. Partially fluorinated membranes have good mechanical stability but expensive. The fluorinated membrane has high stability under oxidation and reduction conditions. Unfortunately, they only reach their optimum performance at ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 1 temperatures below 100°C which makes them of limited use in PEM fuel cells application at higher temperatures.

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“…well as dimensional, thermal, and chemical stability, these composites are expected to produce more dimensionally stable membranes at low cost [32]. In relevant studies, natural minerals with micro-or nano-size porous, laminar, or channeled structures, such as sepiolite [33][34][35][36][37], bentonite [38], laponite [32,39], montmorilonite [40,41], and palygorskite [42] have been reported for the preparation of PEMs. The results indicate that high proton conductivities can be achieved by additional proton transfer through the absorbed or bound water molecules in clays via vehicle and/or Grotthuss mechanisms.…”

Section: Pamentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(2,5-benzimidazole)/sulfonated sepiolite composite membranes with low phosphoric acid doping levels for PEMFC applications in a wide temperature range

Zhang

Liu

Xia

et al. 2019

Journal of Membrane Science

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To broaden the operating temperature range of phosphoric acid (PA) doped polybenzimidazole membrane-based proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) toward low temperatures, a novel series of poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (ABPBI)/sulfonated sepiolite (S-Sep) composite membranes (ABPBI/S-Sep) with low PA doping levels (DLs) were prepared via in-situ synthesis. The desirably enhanced mechanical, thermal, and oxidative stabilities of ABPBI/S-Sep composite membranes were achieved by constructing ABPBI chains arranged along the sepiolite (Sep) fibers 2 and acid-base crosslinks formed between S-Sep fibrous particles and ABPBI chains. Benefiting from the richness of high temperature stable bound water and the excellent water absorbability of Sep particles that enable the formation of additive proton conducting paths, the composite membranes retained bounded PA and achieved much higher proton conductivities under both anhydrous and hydrous conditions compared to PA-doped ABPBI membranes. Proton conductivity values above 0.01 S/cm at 40-90 °C/20-98% RH conditions and 90-180 °C/anhydrous conditions as well as peak power density of 0.13 and 0.23 W/cm 2 at 80 and 180 °C with 0% RH, respectively from the ABPBI/2S-Sep composite membrane are more holistic compared to Nafion at low temperatures and polybenzimidazole-based membranes at high temperatures, respectively. The excellent properties of ABPBI/S-Sep composite membranes suggest them as prospective candidates for PEMFCs applications in a wide temperature range.

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Hybrid membranes of sulfonated poly ether ether ketone, ionic liquid and organically modified montmorillonite for proton exchange membranes with enhanced ionic conductivity and ionic liquid lixiviation protection

Cited by 34 publications

References 51 publications

Carbon nanotube, graphene oxide and montmorillonite as conductive fillers in polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell: an overview

Carbon nanotube, graphene oxide and montmorillonite as conductive fillers in polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell: an overview

Fuel cell membranes – Pros and cons

Poly(2,5-benzimidazole)/sulfonated sepiolite composite membranes with low phosphoric acid doping levels for PEMFC applications in a wide temperature range

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