Hybrid Low-Power Wide-Area Mesh Network for IoT Applications

Abstract

The recent advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) enables the possibility of data collection from diverse environments using IoT devices. However, despite the rapid advancement of low-power communication technologies, the deployment of IoT networks still faces many challenges. In this paper, we propose a hybrid, low-power, wide-area network (LPWAN) structure that can achieve wide-area communication coverage and low power consumption on IoT devices by utilizing both sub-GHz long-range radio and 2.4 GHz short-range radio. Specifically, we constructed a low-power mesh network with LoRa, a physical-layer standard that can provide long-range (kilometers) point-to-point communication using custom timedivision multiple access (TDMA). Furthermore, we extended the capabilities of the mesh network by enabling ANT, an ultra low-power, short-range communication protocol to satisfy data collection in dense device deployments. Third, we demonstrate the performance of the hybrid network with two real-world deployments at the Purdue University campus and at the universityowned farm. The results suggest that both networks have superior advantages in terms of cost, coverage, and power consumption vis-à-vis other IoT solutions, like LoRaWAN.