Hybrid films from cellulose nanomaterials—properties and defined optical patterns

Leppänen, Ilona; Hokkanen, Ari; Österberg, Monika; Vähä-Nissi, Mika; Harlin, Ali; Orelma, Hannes

doi:10.1007/s10570-022-04795-0

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Although they are very smooth, CNC films suffer from high brittleness, hindering their use in high volume fabrication processes like roll-to-roll manufacturing (R2R). One option is the introduction of CNF, since it tends to create a network of long fibrils providing high elasticity and bendability compared to neat CNC films, but this comes at the expense of potentially increasing the surface roughness (Leppänen et al, 2022).…”

Section: Solid Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the smoothest types of cellulose, one can cite films of neat CNC (roughness values as low as 1 nm) (Raghuwanshi & Garnier, 2019). This smoothness is possible due to the CNC compactness, forming very densely packed structures (Leppänen et al, 2022). Although they are very smooth, CNC films suffer from high brittleness, hindering their use in high volume fabrication processes like roll‐to‐roll manufacturing (R2R).…”

Section: Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio‐based materials for solar cells

Miettunen,

Hadadian,

García

et al. 2024

WIREs Energy & Environment

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Plant‐based materials are emerging as an alternative to conventional components in advanced energy applications. Among these, energy harvesting from sunlight is highly attractive and, in fact, represents the fastest growing energy technology. This review addresses the broad field of solar cell science since plant‐based components can be utilized in almost all solar technologies, and in certain photovoltaic technologies, they can fulfill most of the roles in photovoltaic devices. There is strengthened recent interest in developing sustainable materials options as well as new functionalities being developed for bio‐based materials. This contribution describes the different options for plant‐derived materials in photovoltaics and discusses their deployment feasibility. We focus on performance, lifetime, and embedded energy, all of which are critical to achieve—economically and sustainably–competitive photovoltaic devices. We address the tendency in the current literature for greenwashing, given that not all plant‐based solutions are environmentally‐sound at the device level. On the other hand, plant‐based materials can offer functionalities that cannot be reached with currently used materials.This article is categorized under: Sustainable Energy > Solar Energy Emerging Technologies > Materials Sustainable Energy > Bioenergy

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Section: Solid Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐based materials for solar cells

Miettunen,

Hadadian,

García

et al. 2024

WIREs Energy & Environment

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“…Yadav et al [92] reported an improvement in the tensile strength of CNC/chitosan composite films with the addition of 4 wt.% CNCs, indicating a 39% increase. Leppänen et al [93] prepared hybrid films containing both CNFs and CNCs of 50% that displayed excellent mechanical properties, and found that the addition of CNFs was conducive to the strength of the film.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocellulose Composite Films in Food Packaging Materials: A Review

Xu,

Wu,

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Owing to the environmental pollution caused by petroleum-based packaging materials, there is an imminent need to develop novel food packaging materials. Nanocellulose, which is a one-dimensional structure, has excellent physical and chemical properties, such as renewability, degradability, sound mechanical properties, and good biocompatibility, indicating promising applications in modern industry, particularly in food packaging. This article introduces nanocellulose, followed by its extraction methods and the preparation of relevant composite films. Meanwhile, the performances of nanocellulose composite films in improving the mechanical, barrier (oxygen, water vapor, ultraviolet) and thermal properties of food packaging materials and the development of biodegradable or edible packaging materials in the food industry are elaborated. In addition, the excellent performances of nanocellulose composites for the packaging and preservation of various food categories are outlined. This study provides a theoretical framework for the development and utilization of nanocellulose composite films in the food packaging industry.

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“…Moreover, since the crystallinity of cellulose depends on its origin, various sizes and dimensions of CNCs can be obtained from different natural cellulosic sources. [29][30][31] Therefore, control of the dimensions of the CNCs and the electrophoresis conditions will contribute to controllable bending behaviors in hydrogels.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/marc202300205mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose Nanocrystal‐Based Gradient Hydrogel Actuators with Controllable Bending Properties

Roopsung,

Sugawara,

Hsu

et al. 2023

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Stimuli‐responsive hydrogel actuators are being increasingly used in microtechnology, but typical bilayer hydrogel actuators have significant drawbacks due to weak adhesive interface between the two layers. In this study, thermoresponsive single‐layer hydrogel actuators are produced by generating a gradient distribution of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in a poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogel network by electrophoresis. Tunable bending properties of the composite hydrogels, such as the thermoresponsive bending speed and angle, are realized by varying the electrophoresis time, applied voltage, and CNC concentration. By varying these conditions, the gradient distribution of the CNCs can be optimized, leading to fast bending and large bending angles of the hydrogels. Bending properties are attributed to the gradient distribution of CNCs causing different deswelling rates across the hydrogel network owing to reinforcing effects. Bending ability is also influenced by differences in the CNC dimensions based on the sources of cellulose, which determine the rigidity of the CNC‐rich layer of the polymer composite. It is thus shown that thermoresponsive single‐layer gradient hydrogels with tunable bending properties can be realized.

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Hybrid films from cellulose nanomaterials—properties and defined optical patterns

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Bio‐based materials for solar cells

Bio‐based materials for solar cells

Nanocellulose Composite Films in Food Packaging Materials: A Review

Cellulose Nanocrystal‐Based Gradient Hydrogel Actuators with Controllable Bending Properties

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