Hybrid DC-Bus Capacitor Discharge Strategy Using Internal Windings and External Bleeder for Surface-Mounted PMSM-Based EV Powertrains in Emergency

Gong, Chao; Hu, Yihua; Li, Wenzhen; Liu, Jinglin; Wen, Huiqing; Yang, Jiankang

doi:10.1109/tie.2020.2975479

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…In order to prove the advantage of the proposed discharge method, the hybrid dc-bus capacitor discharge strategy in [32] is conducted and the experimental results is in Fig. 10.…”

Section: B Experimental Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DC-Bus Capacitor Discharge Method Based on Bleeder and Windings for Electric Vehicles in Emergency

Zhang,

Yang

2024

IEEE Access

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The bleeding circuit is important for dropping the dc-bus voltage to safe voltage when electric vehicles (EVs) encounter an emergency. However, the bleeding circuit may be bulky and heavy to ensure that the total discharge operation is completed in the specified time (5 seconds). In order to reduce the volume and weight of the bleeding circuit, this paper proposes a maximum discharge power method that can maintain the discharge power of the bleeding resistor at the maximum discharge power. The mechanism and disadvantage of traditional uncontrolled rectification (UR) method is analyzed for illustrating the necessity of reducing the bleeding resistor at first. Then, the proposed maximum discharge power is developed based on the established power flow model. For the sake of improving the tracking performance and dynamic performance of the discharge power, an adaptive sliding mode power control (ASMPC) is proposed with the adaptive reaching law, which can effectively reduce the chatting effect on inner current loop. Finally, the proposed strategy is validated on a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive used for EVs, and the results show that the proposed discharge method can not only reduce the bleeding resistor size and weight but also improve the dynamic characteristics.INDEX TERMS Bleeding resistor, dc-bus capacitor, maximum discharge power, permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM), power flow model.

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“…In order to prove the advantage of the proposed discharge method, the hybrid dc-bus capacitor discharge strategy in [32] is conducted and the experimental results is in Fig. 10.…”

Section: B Experimental Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the discharge of the bus capacitors, the current of the bleeding resistor provides braking torque. In order to reduce the analytical complexity, the speed of machine can be considered as a linear decrease [28]. Therefore, the average discharge current can be approximated as…”

Section: Figure 3simplified Electrical Circuit Model Of Uncontrolled ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

DC-Bus Capacitor Discharge Method Based on Bleeder and Windings for Electric Vehicles in Emergency

Zhang,

Yang

2024

IEEE Access

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“…As an energy conversion device, traction motor is one of the most important subsystems of powertrain of EV and HEV. Thanks to the merits of high torque density, high efficiency and power factor, permanent magnet (PM) motors have been widely applied in EV and HEV [6]- [11]. They can be mainly classified into radial flux PM (RFPM) motors and axial flux PM (AFPM) motors, according to the direction of flux in the air gap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Axial-Flux Dual-Rotor Slotless Permanent Magnet Motor with Novel Equidirectional Toroidal Winding

Si¹,

Zhang²,

Hu³

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Energy Convers.

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In this paper, a dual-rotor slotless axial-flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motor with equidirectional toroidal winding (ED-TW) is proposed and compared with the AFPM motor with traditional toroidal winding (T-TW) with the same dimensions, number of coils and poles. Different from the T-TW, only the positive sides of coils of the ED-TW are left on one side of the stator core, the return sides of the coils are all removed to the other side of the stator core. Firstly, the structure and operation principle of the two motors are introduced and analyzed. To clarify the features of the ED-TW, the synthetic electromotive force (EMF) vector and armature reaction field of the ED-TW and T-TW are studied. Secondly, the main size equations of the AFPM motors with toroidal windings are presented. Subsequently, the electromagnetic characteristics of the AFPM motors with ED-TW and T-TW are analyzed and compared based on the three-dimensional finite element method (3D-FEM). The comparison results indicate that the AFPM motor with ED-TW has superiority in torque density and efficiency. Finally, a prototype of the AFPM motor with ED-TW is manufactured and tested, which validates the feasibility of the proposed motor and the correctness of the analysis of the 3D-FEM.

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“…The traditional bleeding resistor method using a switch and a resistor in parallel on the DC-bus to compose a discharge circuit, in which the power rating and maximum current rating of the bleeding resistor is supposed to be high to satisfy the required discharge time. As a result, the weight and volume of the resistor will be large, sacrificing the weight, volume, and efficiency of the EV powertrain system [17]. In terms of the inverter short-circuit method, it achieves the rapid dissipation of DC-bus voltage by switching on the MOSFET or IGBT of one or more bridge in the inverter to constitute a short circuit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DC-Bus Capacitor Maximum Power Discharge Strategy for EV-PMSM Drive System With Small Safe Current

Yang

Zhang

2021

IEEE Access

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To prevent the passengers from electric shock, the DC-bus capacitor voltage of the highvoltage permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM)-based drives in electric vehicles (EVs) is required to decline to safe voltage as quickly as possible when emergency occurs. Considering that the discharge time for small safe current limit powertrain systems will be longer than required, this paper proposed a maximum power discharge strategy to accelerate the dissipating process and meanwhile avoid the voltage surge. Firstly, the PMSM discharge model as a generator is established on the basis of analyzing the discharge course. Secondly, the feasible reference current trajectory is presented by drawing the trajectories of the voltage, current, and power constraints. Then the maximum power discharge strategy is achieved by following the extreme points in the reference trajectory. Finally, simulation and experiment are conducted on a three-phase SPMSM powertrain system to validate the proposed algorithm can effectively shorten the discharge process.INDEX TERMS Permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM), winding-based discharge, small safe current, maximum power.

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Hybrid DC-Bus Capacitor Discharge Strategy Using Internal Windings and External Bleeder for Surface-Mounted PMSM-Based EV Powertrains in Emergency

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

DC-Bus Capacitor Discharge Method Based on Bleeder and Windings for Electric Vehicles in Emergency

DC-Bus Capacitor Discharge Method Based on Bleeder and Windings for Electric Vehicles in Emergency

An Axial-Flux Dual-Rotor Slotless Permanent Magnet Motor with Novel Equidirectional Toroidal Winding

DC-Bus Capacitor Maximum Power Discharge Strategy for EV-PMSM Drive System With Small Safe Current

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